蒸发驱动水伏发电中的热质传递

Heat and mass transfer in evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic generation

蒸发驱动的水伏发电是一种新兴的能量转化技术.亲水多孔纳米材料被浸入水中时,水分子与之相互作用,在纳米通道内形成连续的水流,并携带与通道表面电性相反的离子定向移动,在通道两端形成电势差.然而,水伏发电较低的性能仍是该领域所面临的严峻挑战之一.本文分析了蒸发驱动的水伏发电技术的机理,并总结了提高蒸发驱动的水伏发电器件电学输出性能的策略,最后展望了该领域的挑战与前景.

Evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic generation is an emerging energy conversion technology.When hydrophilic porous nanomaterials are immersed in water,water molecules interact with them to form a continuous flow of water within the nanochannels and carry ions with an electrical charge opposite to that of the nanochannel surface,and creating an electric potential difference at both ends of the channels.However,the low efficiency of hydrovoltaic generation remains a critical challenge.Herein,we analyze the mechanism of evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic generation.Accordingly,strategies to improve the energy conversion effectiveness and output electrical performance of evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic generation devices are summarized.Finally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and prospects regarding the development of this emerging technology.