经典药对“瓜蒌-薤白”治疗痰瘀互结心血管疾病的血清代谢组学研究

Mechanism of "Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus" in treating cardiovascular diseases with syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis based on serum metabolomics

从代谢组学角度,研究“瓜蒌-薤白”(GX)对痰瘀互结大鼠模型血清内源性代谢物代谢紊乱的作用机制。利用高脂饮食、冰水浴联合盐酸肾上腺素皮下注射建立痰瘀互结大鼠模型并检测大鼠痰瘀互结证候评分。采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术对大鼠血清样品进行代谢轮廓分析,结合偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)与正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)等方法,筛选差异代谢物并进行鉴别。运用MetaboAnalyst数据库进一步筛选GX调控的代谢物及其代谢物相关联靶点,Gene Ontology生物功能富集分析得到与代谢通路干预靶点相关的生物学途径。结果显示,GX能显著降低模型大鼠的痰瘀互结证候积分,改善痰瘀互结大鼠中医证候症状。此外,代谢组学检测出129种痰瘀互结大鼠体内潜在生物标志物,GX可回调亚油酸代谢、鞘脂代谢、三羧酸循环等代谢途径中54种代谢物。MetaboAnalyst数据库筛选上述54种代谢物,发现GX回调9种痰瘀互结心血管疾病相关代谢物,与69个靶点关联,涉及胆固醇代谢、脂肪酸代谢、炎症反应、葡萄糖稳态及代谢等生物途径。表明GX可能通过干预痰瘀互结证大鼠体内亚油酸、鞘氨醇、二十二碳六烯酸、迷迭香酸、琥珀酸、腺嘌呤、L-苯丙氨酸、L-缬氨酸等物质代谢,协同改善胆固醇代谢、脂肪酸代谢、炎症反应、葡萄糖稳态及代谢等生物途径,改善痰瘀互结心血管疾病的中医证候症状。

This study aimed at investigating the mechanism of Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus(GX) in treating cardiovascular diseases in rats with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis. The rat model was established by a high-fat diet, ice-water bath combined with subcutaneous injection of adrenalin hydrochloride, and the syndrome score was determined. The serum samples of rats in the control, model, and GX groups were collected. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to analyze the metabolic profiles of the serum samples. The differential metabolites were screened and identified by partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA). The intervention targets of GX-regulated metabolites and their metabolic pathways were searched against MetaboAnalyst. Gene Ontology enrichment was carried out to predict the biological pathways associated with the intervention targets of metabolic pathways. A total of 129 potential biomarkers were detected in the rat model with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis via metabolomics, and GX regulated 54 metabolites in several metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The further screening against MetaboAnalyst showed that GX recovered the levels of nine metabolites associated with cardiovascular diseases with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis, which involved 69 targets in the pathways regarding cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, inflammatory response, and glucose homeostasis and metabolism. The above-mentioned results suggested that GX can alleviate the symptoms of the rat model of cardiovascular diseases with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis by regulating the metabolism of linoleic acid, sphingosine, docosahexaenoic acid, rosemary acid, succinic acid, adenine, L-phenylalanine, L-valine and modulating the biological pathways such as cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, inflammatory response, and glucose homeostasis and metabolism.