迷、愉与自由:庄周梦蝶之“化”境试析

Confusion,Joviality and Freedom:An Analysis of the Materialization Realm in Zhuangzhou's Butterfly Dream

“庄周梦蝶”作为《庄子》内篇中的典型梦境,蕴含玄妙哲理,呈现的场景充满真实之感。多数学者在讨论此梦境时注重“觉”与“梦”之间的义理阐发,尝试体悟何谓庄子的精神自由。后又有学者另辟蹊径,在哲学诠释的基础上结合精神分析,感知庄周彼时心境。实则,唯有将《齐物论》末章置于《逍遥游》的主旨之中才可以回归本真,以此窥见深藏于庄子内心深处的渴望。透过迷雾一般的梦境,看到的恰是庄子在“化蝶”这一虚拟物化过程中产生的“愉悦”心理,这是“齐物”想要消弭万物界限的旨趣所在,更是一种追寻超脱世俗世界,安放心灵的处世之法。

"Zhuangzhou's Butterfly Dream",as a typical dream in the chapter of Zhuangzi,contains mysterious philosophy,and the presenting scene is full of a sense of reality.Most scholars focus on the interpretation of the meaning between"sense"and"dream"when discussing this dream,trying to understand what Zhuangzi's spiritual freedom is.Later,some scholars took a new approach,combined with psychoanalysis on the basis of philosophical interpretation,to perceive Zhuangzhou's mental state at that time.In fact,only by placing the last chapter of"On Leveling All Things"within the theme of"Peripateticism"is the key to returning to the truth,so as to get a glimpse of Zhuangzi's innermost desire.Through the misty dream,we can see Zhuangzi's"Joviality"psychology in the virtual"materialization"process of"butterfly transformation".This is the purpose of"Qi wu"seeking to eliminate the boundaries of everything,and it is also a way of pursuing transcendence from the secular world and placing his mind in the way of life.