中青年痛风患者自我管理困境的质性研究

Qualitative Study on the Self-management Dilemma of Middle-Aged and Young Gout Patients

目的探讨中青年痛风患者自我管理困境的原因,为更好地提升中青年痛风患者自我管理能力和依从性提供参考。方法基于现象学研究设计,采用目的抽样法,选取2023年1—4月于医院内分泌及代谢科门诊就诊的14例痛风患者作为研究对象,对其进行半结构访谈,运用Colaizzi现象学7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析、总结、归纳。结果最终归纳出3个主题及下属8个亚主题,即:知识信念层面(疾病相关知识不足、对疾病、治疗存在错误认知、自我管理信念不足)、管理能力层面(生活习惯难以改变、缺少自我管理方法)、家庭社会层面(家庭支持不足、社会交往/活动限制、医护人员支持不足)。结论中青年痛风患者的自我管理困境受多种因素影响,未来可以从自我管理知识信念、能力和家庭社会层面多方面考虑,制定对中青年痛风患者的干预策略,提高中青年痛风患者自我管理的能力和依从性。

Objective To explore the reasons for the self-management difficulties of middle-aged and young gout patients,and to provide reference for better enhancing their self-management ability and compliance.Methods Based on the phenomenological research design,14 gout patients who visited the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the hospital from January to April 2023 were selected as the research objects by means of purposive sampling.They were interviewed semi structurally.Colaizzi’s phenomenological 7-step analysis method was used to analyze,summarize and sum up the interview data.Results Finally,three themes and eight sub themes were summarized,namely:knowledge and belief level(insufficient disease related knowledge,misconceptions about disease and treatment,insufficient self-management beliefs),management ability level(difficult to change lifestyle habits,lack of self-management methods),and family and social level(insufficient family support,social interaction/activity restrictions,and insufficient support from medical staff).Conclusion The self-management dilemma of middle-aged and young gout patients is influenced by multiple factors.In the future,intervention strategies for middle-aged and young gout patients can be developed from various aspects such as self-management knowledge,beliefs,abilities,and family and social aspects to improve their self-management ability and compliance.