从大一统到统一性:中华民族共同体意识的形成

From“Great Unification”to“the Concept of Unity”:The Formation of the Consciousness of Chinese National Community

中华民族从自在实体向自觉实体的转化是中国现代民族国家建设的重要标志。中华民族共同体自觉意识的形成根植于自身长期以来的观念与实践,成形于近现代以来中国人民团结奋斗、救亡图强的历史进程。在历史上,大一统观承受了王朝更迭、外来文化冲击和各民族融合引发的变革,是维系中华民族共同体自在发展状态的重要文化和心理纽带。近代以来,由传统大一统王朝向现代民族国家的转型不可避免,以“天下大一统”为理想愿景的大一统观也经现代观念的重构,转变为追求“统一的多民族国家”的现代统一性理念。从大一统观念下的自在共同体转化为统一性观念下自觉的中华民族共同体,天下一统的文化愿景被重构为多元一体的身份意识,向内凝聚的政治结构被重构为集中领导的团结意识,文明一脉相承的历史哲学被重构为文明发展的历史意识。以现代统一性观念为基底,中华民族共同体意识的形成使中国能够在维系统一的基础上推进中国式现代化,实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

The transformation of the Chinese nation from an entity of spontaneity to one of self-awareness is an important hallmark of modern nation-state building in China.The formation of the self-consciousness of the Chinese national community is rooted in its long-standing beliefs and practices,shaped by the historical process of the unity and struggle of the Chinese people for national rejuvenation,especially in the modern and contemporary periods.Historically,the idea of“great unification”has undergone changes due to dynastic changes,foreign cultural influences,and the integration of various ethnic groups.It has served as an important cultural and psychological bond that sustains the state of spontaneous development of the Chinese national community.In modern times,the transition from traditional unified dynasties to modern nation-states is inevitable.The ideal vision of“great unification under the heaven”has been redefined through modern concepts,transforming into the pursuit of a“unified multi-ethnic state”based on modern unity principles.The transformation from a spontaneous community under the idea of great unification to a self-conscious Chinese national community under the concept of unity,the cultural vision of great unification under the heaven has been reconstructed into a identity consciousness of unity in diversity.The internally cohesive political structure has been reconfigured into a unity consciousness under centralized leadership,and the historical philosophy of civilizational continuity has been reconstructed into a historical consciousness of civilizational development.Based on the modern concept of unity,the formation of the consciousness of the Chinese national community enables China to advance Chinese path to modernization while maintaining unity,thereby achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.