医学生主观社会地位与心理健康的关系:自我同情的调节作用

The relationship between subjective social status and mental health in medical students: the moderating role of self-compassion

目的探讨医学生主观社会地位(subjective social status,SSS)与心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、心盛)的关系,并检验自我同情在其中的调节作用。方法采用主观社会经济地位量表中文版、自我同情量表、病人健康量表、广泛性焦虑障碍量表和心盛量表,于2021年12月对2440名在校医学生进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 26.0对数据进行描述统计和相关分析,运用多层回归分析检验自我同情在SSS与心理健康关系中的调节作用。结果(1)相关分析显示,SSS[(5.32±1.46)分]与抑郁[5.00(3.00,8.00)分]和焦虑[3.00(1.00,6.00)分]呈负相关(r=-0.166,-0.128,均P<0.01),与心盛[(40.69±8.45)分]呈正相关(r=0.242,P<0.01);自我同情[(86.63±13.16)分]与抑郁和焦虑呈负相关(r=-0.538,-0.511,均P<0.01),与心盛呈正相关(r=0.543,P<0.01)。(2)多层回归分析显示,SSS可以显著负向预测抑郁(β=-0.065,P<0.001),正向预测心盛(β=0.157,P<0.001);自我同情在SSS与抑郁的关系中发挥显著的正向调节作用(β=0.055,P<0.01),SSS与抑郁的负向关系随着自我同情增高而下降;自我同情在SSS与心盛的关系中发挥显著的负向调节作用(β=-0.037,P<0.05),SSS与心盛的正向关系随着自我同情增高而下降。结论SSS可以预测医学生的心理健康状况;自我同情在SSS与心理健康的关系中起调节作用,可以缓解低SSS对医学生心理健康的损害。

Objective To explore the relationship between subjective social status(SSS)and mental health(depression,anxiety,and flourishing)among medical students,and to examine the moderating role of self-compassion in this process.Methods The Chinese version of the subjective socioeconomic status scale(CSSS),self-compassion scale(SCS),patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9),generalized anxiety disorder(GAD-7)and flourishing scale(FS)were used to investigate 2440 medical students in December 2021.SPSS 26.0 software was used for descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.Multilevel regression analysis was used to investigate the moderating role of self-compassion on the relationship between SSS and mental health.Results(1)Correlation analysis showed that SSS(5.32±1.46)was negatively correlated with depression(5.00(3.00,8.00))and anxiety(3.00(1.00,6.00))(r=-0.166,-0.128,both P<0.01),and was positively correlated with flourishing(40.69±8.45)(r=0.242,P<0.01).Self-compassion(86.63±13.16)was negatively correlated with depression and anxiety(r=-0.538,-0.511,both P<0.01),and was positively correlated with flourishing(r=0.543,P<0.01).(2)Multilevel regression analysis showed that SSS could significantly and negatively predict depression(β=-0.065,P<0.001),and positively predict flourishing(β=0.157,P<0.001).Self-compassion played a significantly positive moderating role in the relationship between SSS and depression(β=0.055,P<0.01),and the negative relationship between SSS and depression decreased with increasing self-compassion.Self-compassion played a significantly negative moderating role in the relationship between SSS and flourishing(β=-0.037,P<0.05),the positive relationship between SSS and flourishing decreased with increasing self-compassion.Conclusion SSS can predict mental health of medical students.Self-compassion plays a moderating role in the relationship between SSS and mental health and can mitigate the damage of low SSS on the mental health of medical students.