湖南攸县杂交水稻全程机械化制种关键技术示范与效果

Demonstration and Results of Key Techniques for Whole-process Mechanized Seed Production of Hybrid Rice in Youxian,Hunan

2022年在湖南攸县新市镇开展了父母本水稻精量粘种育秧技术、父母本机插技术、无人机植保施药技术、无人机喷施“九二〇”技术、父母本大行比无人机辅助授粉技术、父母本机械分收和种子机械烘干技术等杂交水稻全程机械化制种关键技术应用示范。结果表明,与传统小行比人工辅助授粉制种相比,父母本大行比无人机辅助授粉的实收产量高10.7%,劳力成本节约2210元/hm^(2),增加父本稻谷收入2580元/hm^(2),合计节本增收4790元/hm^(2),取得了良好的示范效果。

In 2022,the application demonstration of the key techniques for whole-process mechanized seed production of hybrid rice,including precise seed-sticking sowing and seedling raising technique for both parents,parental machinetransplanting technique,plant protection technique by unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),UAV GA3 spraying technique,UAV-assisted pollinating technique for large parental row ratio,parental mechanical harvesting technique and mechanical seed drying technique,ect.,was carried out in Xinshi town of Youxian County,Hunan Province.The results showed that compared with the seed production of traditional artifi cial supplemental pollination with small parental row ratio,the seed production of UAV-assisted pollination with large parental row ratio yielded 10.7%higher,saved 2210 yuan/hm^(2) of labor cost and increased 2580 yuan/hm^(2) of the paddy income of the male parent,resulting in a total cost saving by 4790 yuan/hm^(2),which achieved a good demonstration effect.