不同水分条件下喷施木醋液对水稻产量及品质的影响

ZHAO Chengjuan,YU Zihui,YUAN Baozhong*(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

为研究不同水分条件和木醋液的综合调控对水稻产量及品质的影响,探讨适合水稻生产的灌水量和与其相匹配的木醋液喷施方式,以旱优73和C两优华占为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,设置3个灌溉水量处理,即淹水灌溉100%(W1)、轻度干湿交替灌溉80%(W2)、中度干湿交替灌溉60%(W3),3个木醋液处理,即空白对照(CK)、分蘖期喷施稀释400倍木醋液(M1)、分蘖期及孕穗期各喷施稀释400倍木醋液(M2)。结果表明,与CK处理相比,各水分条件下配施不同喷施次数木醋液都具有增产效果,增加喷施次数对水稻的增产效应能够累加。较高的灌水用量和增加木醋液喷施次数更有利于水稻干物质积累,进而能够提高水稻产量,且水分充足条件下喷施木醋液的增产效果更加明显。在W1条件下,与CK处理相比,旱优73在M1、M2处理下的产量分别提高了11.52%、29.26%,C两优华占分别提高了6.91%、13.89%。合理的灌溉水量和木醋液喷施次数也能够显著降低稻米的垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量,提高蛋白质含量,从而改善稻米品质。

To study the effects of comprehensive regulation of different water conditions and spraying times of wood vinegar on rice yield and quality,and explore the irrigation water amount and the matching wood vinegar spraying methods suitable for rice production,Hanyou 73 and C Liangyou Huazhan were used as experimental materials,and three irrigation water treatments,namely water flooding irrigation 100%(W1),mild dry and wet alternating irrigation 80%(W2),moderate dry and wet alternating irrigation 60%(W3),and three wood vinegar spraying treatments,namely blank control(CK),spraying 400 times diluted wood vinegar at tillering stage(M1),spraying 400 times diluted wood vinegar at tillering stage and booting stage(M2),were set up by pot experiment.The results showed that,compared with CK,the treatments of wood vinegar with different spraying times had all the effect of increasing rice yield under different water conditions,and the effect of increasing spraying times could be cumulative.Higher irrigation water amount and increased spraying times of wood vinegar were more conducive to dry matter accumulation of rice,which could increase rice yield,and the effect of spraying wood vinegar was more obvious under the condition of sufficient water.Under the condition of W1,compared with CK,the yield of Hanyou 73 under M1 treatment and M2 treatment increased by 11.52%and 29.26%,respectively,and the yield of C Liangyou Huazhan increased by 6.91%and 13.89%,respectively.Reasonable irrigation water amount and spraying times of wood vinegar could also significantly reduce the chalky grain rate,chalkiness degree and amylose content of rice,and increase the protein content,which could improve the grain quality of rice.