860例肝移植患者的特征分布

Characteristic Distribution of 860 Liver Transplant Patients

目的探讨某院肝移植住院患者的分布特征及费用特征,为肝移植相关疾病的防治及费用管理提供依据。方法选取2013年1月1日-2021年6月30日某医院所有肝移植患者860例作为研究样本,通过收集住院病案首页中的一般资料及疾病相关信息,对其分布规律、临床特征及费用情况进行分析。结果860例肝移植患者中,男性674例(78.37%),女性186例(21.63%);平均年龄46.88岁,45岁~64岁患者占比最高(58.49%);医嘱离院患者814例(94.65%),平均住院天数22.7天。疾病诊断以肝硬化失代偿期、肝和肝内胆管恶性肿瘤、肝衰竭为主;12.67%的患者有基础病,主要以糖尿病、高血压等慢性病为主;14.77%的患者存在术后并发症,主要以感染和血管并发症为主;肝移植患者平均住院费用为45.23万元,耗材费、药品费和诊断费为费用占比前3位。术后并发症是影响肝移植患者住院费用的重要因素。结论男性,45岁~64岁人群是肝移植重点人群,以肝硬化失代偿期、肝和肝内胆管恶性肿瘤、肝衰竭等肝病终末期患者为主。在加强重点人群防治的基础上,应重视肝移植术后并发症尤其医院感染的发生,以此降低肝移植患者住院费用。

Objectives This study aims to explore the distribution characteristics and cost characteristics of liver transplant inpatients in a hospital to provide a basis for the prevention,treatment,and cost management of liver transplant-related diseases.Methods 860 cases of all liver transplant patients in a certain hospital from January 1,2013 to June 30,2021 were selected as research samples.By collecting general information and disease-related information on the homepage of their medical records,their distribution patterns,clinical characteristics,and costs were analyzed.Results There were 860 liver transplant patients,including 674(78.37%)males and 186(21.63%)females.The average age was 46.88 years,with the highest proportion of patients aged 45-64 years(58.49%).814 patients(94.65%)were discharged from the hospital on medical orders,and the average length of stay was 22.7 days.The diagnosis of the disease mainly included decompensated liver cirrhosis,hepatic and intrahepatic bile duct malignant tumors,and liver failure.12.67%of patients had underlying diseases,mainly chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.14.77%of patients had postoperative complications,with infection and vascular complications mainly.The average hospitalization cost of liver transplant patients was 452300 yuan.Consumables fees,medicine fees,and diagnostic fees were the top three expenses.Postoperative complications were important factors that affected the hospitalization expenses of liver transplant patients.Conclusions Males and people aged 45to 64 are key groups for liver transplantation.Most of the patients have end-stage liver diseases such as decompensated cirrhosis,malignant tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts,and liver failure.On the basis of strengthening the prevention and treatment of key populations,hospitals should pay attention to the occurrence of complications after liver transplantation,especially hospital infection,in order to reduce the hospitalization costs of liver transplant patients.