果梅腌制过程中铝迁移规律的研究

Study on the aluminum migration rule during the pickling of Prunus mume

目的探究果梅腌制过程中铝的迁移规律。方法采用聚乙烯容器为腌制容器,腌制4种不同铝含量果梅,对比腌制前、后铝含量变化;研究真实腌制液在水泥制腌制容器中浸泡铝的迁移规律;模拟人工污染腌制液向腌制果梅中迁移,动态监测铝含量变化。结果4种果梅铝本底含量分别为23.2、44.7、81.2、148.7 mg/kg,采用聚乙烯容器腌制,腌制前、后各组间梅坯中铝残留量无显著差异(Z=-1.826,P=0.068),腌制过程中果梅中的铝向腌制液中迁移,迁移量与果梅中铝的本底含量成正相关(r^(2)=0.996);水泥制腌制容器在真实果梅腌制液(总酸5.4 g/100 g,氯化钠27%)浸泡36 d,腌制液中铝含量增幅达131.8 mg/kg;4种腌制果梅分别在铝含量45.1 mg/kg和135.7 mg/kg人工污染腌制液浸泡60 d,铝的最大迁移量分别为40.5 mk/kg和78.4 mg/kg,迁移量与果梅中本底铝的含量呈负相关(r^(2)>0.986)。结论开展果梅蜜饯中铝污染来源调查和风险控制时,应充分考虑果梅在实际腌制过程中铝从水泥制腌制容器迁移带来的污染,建议果梅在腌制时采用聚乙烯腌制容器或使用完好涂层水泥制容器,避免与水泥制材料接触。

Objective To study the migration rule of aluminum in Prunus mume curing process.Methods Four kinds of Prunus mume with different aluminum content were pickled in polyethylene containers,and the changes of aluminum content before and after pickling were compared,the migration rule of aluminum in cement-based pickling vessel soaked in real pickling solution was studied,the migration of artificially polluted pickling solution to pickled Prunus mume was simulated,and the changes of aluminum content were dynamically monitored.Results The local content of aluminum in 4 kinds of Prunus mume were 23.2,44.7,81.2 and 148.7 mg/kg,respectively,there was no significant difference in the residual amount of aluminum in the Prunus mume before and after pickling(Z=-1.826,P=0.068)in polyethylene containers.During the pickling process,the aluminum in Prunus mume migrated into the pickling solution,and there was a positive correlation between the migration amount and the background content of aluminum in Prunus mume(r^(2)=0.996).The results showed that the content of aluminum increased by 131.8 mg/kg after 36 days of soaking in the pickling liquid of real Prunus mume pickling solution(total acid 5.4 g/100 g,sodium chloride 27%).When the 4 kinds of preserved Prunus mume were soaked in artificially polluted pickling solution with aluminum content of 45.1 mg/kg and 135.7 mg/kg for 60 days,the maximum migration of aluminum was 40.5 mg/kg and 78.4 mg/kg,respectively,the migration was negatively correlated with the content of background aluminum in the Prunus mume(r^(2)>0.986).Conclusion The migration of aluminum from the cement-based pickling container should be fully considered in the investigation and risk control of aluminum pollution sources in plum fruits,it is suggested to use polyethylene container or cement-based container with good coating to avoid contact with cement material.