摘要
本研究旨在考察Kulekhani流域土地利用与土地覆盖(LULC)动态变化及土壤侵蚀情况,并对2000年至2020年不同LULC类别进行分析。研究结果显示,Kulekhani流域森林土地比例从2000年的60.72%上升至2010年的62.43%,2020年达到64.75%。水域面积有小幅增加,2000年占比为1.07%,2020年增加到1.08%。相应地,荒地面积从0.21%增至0.35%。相反,农业用地比例逐渐减少,2000年为38%,2010年为36.24%,2020年降至33.82%。使用改进的Morgan-Morgan-Finney模型估算土壤流失量显示,2000年到2010年期间,加权平均土壤流失量呈下降趋势,而2010年到2020年期间略微增加。计算得出的土壤流失值分别为2000年8.64 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)、2010年7.12 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)和2020年7.30 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)。土壤侵蚀易感性图表明,2000年到2020年期间,非常低风险的土壤侵蚀区域有所增加,主要集中在森林地区,而农业区域则显示出低到中度的易感性。此外,荒地区域显示出中高度的土壤侵蚀易感性。为解决这些问题,建议未来的努力应包括在荒地地区进行造林计划,在农业区域实施保护耕作方式,并采取适当的道路稳定措施。
The research was conducted within the Kulekhani Watershed with the objective of examining changes in Land Use Land Cover(LULC)dynamics and soil erosion across various LULC categories spanning from 2000 to 2020.The findings regarding the LULC classification in the Kulekhani Watershed revealed a steady rise in forested land,escalating from 60.72%in 2000 to 62.43%in 2010,and ultimately reaching 64.75%of the total area by 2020.The extent of water bodies exhibited a marginal increase from 1.07%in 2000 to 1.08%in 2020.Correspondingly,barren land expanded from 0.21%to 0.26%,eventually reaching 0.35%over the successive time intervals.Conversely,agricultural land dwindled over these periods,comprising 38%in 2000,36.24%in 2010,and ultimately declining to 33.82%by 2020.The utilization of the Revised Morgan-Morgan-Finney(RMMF)model for soil loss estimation demonstrated a declining trend in weighted average soil loss during the years 2000 to 2010,followed by a slight increase between 2010 and 2020.The calculated soil loss values were recorded as 8.64 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1),7.12 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1),and 7.30 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1) for the years 2000,2010,and 2020 respectively.Similarly,the erosion susceptibility map illustrated a rising pattern in the very low-risk soil erosion zone from 2000 to 2020,primarily prominent within forested regions,while exhibiting a low to moderate susceptibility in agricultural zones.Moreover,barren areas displayed a moderate to high susceptibility to soil erosion.To address these concerns,future endeavors are recommended to encompass afforestation initiatives in barren regions,implement conservation farming practices in agricultural areas,and adopt appropriate measures for road stabilization.
作者
THAPA Rabin
JOSHI Rajeev
BHATTA Binod
GHIMIRE Santosh
THAPA Rabin;JOSHI Rajeev;BHATTA Binod;GHIMIRE Santosh(Faculty of Forestry,Agriculture and Forestry University,Hetauda 44107,Nepal;College of Natural Resource Management,Faculty of Forestry,Agriculture and Forestry University,Udayapur,Katari 56310,Nepal)
