国际数字化转型框架研究:比较与镜鉴

Research on International Digital Transformation Frameworks: Comparison and Reference

数字化转型框架是转型实践中的理论模型和方法工具,有利于引导组织机构明确战略愿景、核心使命,以及实现转型目标的核心场景、动力机制和关键能力,最终帮助组织机构制定转型行动计划。以国际上75个有关企业(37个)、政府(15个)和教育(23个)三类数字化转型框架为研究样本,采用NVivo12质性分析软件分别对三类数字化转型框架进行编码。在词频和聚类编码分析、比较的基础上,探讨了三类数字化转型框架的共性和个性特征。研究发现,三类数字化转型框架的共同关键行动域是“数字战略和规划、数字技术和数据、数字人才和文化、数字信息安全与伦理、数字生态系统”;在个性特征方面,企业数字化转型框架关注客户需求和创新商业模式;政府数字化转型框架注重利用数据革新公共服务模式及其流程;教育数字化转型框架聚焦在培养师生数字素养方面。镜鉴国际经验,基于数字文明时代、转型内涵、框架特征、行动要素、实践逻辑五大视域构建了教育数字化转型框架,框架应用的成效和转型智慧的涌现,必须彰显“使用者设计”,遵循“自发秩序原理”和教育数字化转型的底层逻辑。

The digital transformation framework is a theoretical model and methodological tool in the transformation practice,which is conducive to guiding organizations to clarify their strategic vision,core mission and clarifying central scenarios,driving mechanisms and key competences of achieving digital transformation,facilitating the formulation of transformation action plans for organizations ultimately.Taking 75 international digital transformation frameworks of enterprise(37),government(15)and education(23)as research samples,the paper uses qualitative analysis software NVivo12 to code the three categories of digital transformation frameworks respectively.Based on the analysis and comparison of word frequency and cluster coding,the commonalities and individual characteristics of the three categories of digital transformation frameworks are discussed.The study found that the common key action areas of the three categories of digital transformation frameworks are“digital strategy and planning,digital technology and data,digital talent and culture,digital information security and ethics,and digital ecosystem”.In terms of individual characteristics,the enterprise digital transformation framework focuses on customer needs and innovative business models;the government digital transformation framework emphasizes using data to innovate public service models and processes;the education digital transformation framework concentrates on cultivating digital literacy of teachers and students.Drawing from international experience,the paper constructs the framework of digital transformation of education from five perspectives:the era of digital civilization,the connotation of transformation,the characteristics of framework,the elements of action and the logic of practice.The effectiveness of the application of the framework and the emergence of transformation wisdom must highlight the“user design”,follow the“spontaneous order principle”and the underlying logic of digital transformation of education.