2022年栖霞市手足口病疫苗接种率和疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis of HFMD Vaccination Rate and Suspected Abnormal Vaccination Response in Qixia City in 2022

目的调查2022年栖霞市手足口病疫苗接种率,监测疑似预防接种异常反应发生情况。方法采用整群随机抽样法,选择2022年1月—2022年12月在栖霞市居住的1090例学龄前儿童及其家长作为研究对象,调查与监测手足口病疫苗接种情况与疑似预防接种异常反应发生情况,调查儿童的一般资料并进行多因素分析。结果在1090例学龄前儿童中,完成全程接种的有824例,部分接种的有166例,无接种的有100例,接种率为90.83%。Logistic回归分析显示,家长文化程度、本地区居住时间、家长职业、家庭月收入等为影响2022年栖霞市手足口病疫苗接种率的重要因素(P<0.05)。发生疑似预防接种异常反应15例,发生率为1.38%,都在48 h内进行了及时报告,及时报告率为100.00%。一般反应13例,占86.67%;常规反应1例,占6.67%;偶合症1例,占6.67%,均未发生接种事故、心因性反应、疫苗质量事故等。治愈14例,好转1例,未出现任何后遗症。结论2022年栖霞市手足口病疫苗接种率有待提高,家长文化程度、本地区居住时间、家长职业、家庭月收入为影响接种率的主要因素,依然存在疑似预防接种异常反应,都及时进行了报告,多为一般反应,预后转归效果都比较高。

Objective To investigate the vaccination rate of hand,foot and mouth disease in Qixia City in 2022 year,and to monitor the occurrence of suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination.Methods Used cluster random sampling method,1090 cases of preschool children and their parents who resided in Qixia City from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The vaccination status of hand,foot and mouth disease and the occurrence of suspected abnormal vaccination reactions were investigated and monitored,and the general information of the children were investigated and multivariate analysis were conducted.Results There were 824 cases were fully vaccinated,166 cases were partially vaccinated,and 100 cases were not vaccinated in the 1090 cases of preschool children with a vaccination rate of 90.83%.Multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that parental education level,local residence time,parental occupation,and monthly family income were important factors aff ected the vaccination rate of hand,foot,and mouth disease in a certain area in 2022 year(P<0.05).There were 15 cases of suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination,with an incidence rate of 1.38%.All cases were reported in a timely manner within 48 hours,with a timely reporting rate of 100.0%.13 cases had general reactions,accounting for 86.67%;1 case of routine reaction,accounted for 6.67%.There was 1 case of coincidence,accounted for 6.67%,and there were no vaccination accidents,psychogenic reactions,vaccine quality accidents,etc.14 cases were cured,1 case was improved,and there were no sequelae.Conclusion The vaccination rate for hand,foot and mouth disease in Qixia City in 2022 year needs to be improved.The main factors aff ecting the vaccination rate are parents'education level,local residence time,parents'occupation,and family monthly income.There are still suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination,which have been reported in a timely manner,mostly general reactions,and the prognosis and outcome eff ects are relatively high.