不同浓缩乳制品产品标准的比较研究——基于对术语、分类、定义及相关条款的分析和讨论

Comparative study of different commodity standards for concentrated milk products based on an analysis and discussion of terms,categorizations,definitions,and relevant provisions in the standards

炼乳等浓缩乳制品是我国市场和国际贸易常见的乳制品种类,随着行业发展和新产品的出现,产品标准的管理内容也在不断修订和更新。通过比较研究国内外标准的内容及管理思路的异同,有助于正确借鉴国外标准管理经验,不断完善我国标准。在回顾我国浓缩乳制品国家标准的发展和沿革的基础上,通过收集和整理国际食品法典委员会产品标准,以及欧盟、美国、加拿大、日本、韩国、澳大利亚和新西兰等国家或地区浓缩乳制品强制性标准及法规等相关管理规定,分析比较了不同标准中各类浓缩乳制品的术语、定义、分类、相关指标要求、标签标识等产品标准核心内容的异同,重点对淡炼乳的定义、浓缩乳的产品属性和成分要求,以及各类浓缩乳制品术语在不同标准体系中的对应关系等进行了研究和讨论,提出了浓缩乳制品产品标准需要关注的重点内容及管理建议,以期为我国标准管理工作提供参考。

Condensed milk products are common dairy products in the Chinese market and international trade.With the development of dairy industry and the emergence of new products,the contents of commodity standards are constantly being revised and updated.By comparing the content and management logic of domestic and international standards,it is helpful to learn from the standards management experience of other countries and constantly improve our standards.A review of the development and evolution of China’s national standards for concentrated milk products was performed.The regulations and standards of concentrated milk products from relevant international organizations,countries,and regions were compared and analyzed.Commodity standards from the Codex Alimentarius Commission and relevant mandatory standards and regulations from the European Union,the United States,Canada,Japan,the Republic of Korea,Australia,and New Zealand were collecting and summarized.The comparisons and analyses focused on the similarities and differences in terminology,definitions,categorization-relevant indices,and labeling requirements of various concentrated milk products under different commodity standards.The definition of evaporated milk,the product properties and composition requirements of concentrated milk,and the corresponding relations between the terms of various concentrated milk products were researched and discussed.Management suggestions and key points regarding the updating of condensed milk standards are provided to support standard management activities in China.