和田地区雷暴的分布特征分析

Analysis of Distribution Characteristics of Thunderstorms in Hetian Area

采用了1960—2020年和田地区7个观测站的逐日降水资料和1960—2013年和田地区7个观测站雷暴日的观测资料。对和田地区的逐日降水资料进行分析,计算气候倾向率以研究不同等级降水的日数百分比和雷暴日数变化的分布规律。结果表明:和田地区降水稀少,属于极端干旱的荒漠性气候,降水主要集中在4—8月的春、夏季且降水量比重所占比例最高的为小雨;和田地区在其春、夏季节,雷暴频率较高发生频率与降水频率基本所在时间趋势一致。与降水气候倾向率不同,和田地区7个站点所在的县(市)雷暴发生频率在气候倾向率的结果均为负值,表明随时间发展,和田地区的雷暴日数呈减少趋势。

This article uses daily precipitation data from 7 observation stations in the Hetian area from 1960 to 2020 and thunderstorm days from 7 observation stations in the Hetian area from 1960 to 2013.Analyze the daily precipitation data in the Hetian area,calculate the climate tendency rate,and study the distribution pattern of the percentage of days with different levels of precipitation and the variation of thunderstorm days.The results show that:(1) The Hetian area has sparse precipitation and belongs to an extremely arid desert climate.The precipitation was mainly concentrated in spring and summer from April to August,and the proportion of precipitation was the highest in light rain.(2) The frequency of thunderstorms in the Hetian area was consistent with the trend of precipitation frequency during its spring and summer seasons.Unlike the precipitation climate tendency rate,the frequency of thunderstorms in the counties(cities) where the 7 stations were located in the Hetian area is negative in the climate tendency rate,indicating a decreasing trend in thunderstorm days over time.