应用天然水凝胶修复关节软骨损伤的研究进展

Research progress of repairing articular cartilage damage with natural hydrogel

由创伤或骨关节炎造成的软骨损伤是常见的关节疾病类型,是现代社会严重的经济负担,对患者造成极大的痛苦。因为软骨中无神经、血管和淋巴组织,且软骨细胞迁移能力差,祖细胞数量少,导致软骨缺损的自愈能力受到很大限制。水凝胶具有诸多特性,如高吸水性能、生物降解性、可控的孔隙率及生物相容性,具有用作关节软骨替代物所需的仿生性能,已发展成为材料科学中适合应用于软骨再生的支架生物材料之一。本综述总结了用于关节软骨修复水凝胶及动物模型。由于受当前技术的局限,人们仍然难以克服诸如血管生成和机械性能不足等问题,本综述的主要目的是回顾应用天然水凝胶用于软骨损伤的进展,希望为临床治疗关节软骨损伤提供新的思路。

Cartilage damage caused by trauma or osteoarthritis is a common type of joint disease.It is a serious economic burden in modern society and causes great suffering to patients.There are no nerves,blood vessels and lymphoid tissues in cartilage,the migration ability of chondrocytes is poor and the number of progenitor cells is low.As a result,the self-healing ability of cartilage defects is greatly limited.However,hydrogels have many properties,such as high water absorption,biodegradability,controllable porosity and biocompatibility,and have the biomimetic properties required for use as articular cartilage substitutes.It has been developed into one of the scaffold biomaterials suitable for cartilage regeneration in materials science.This review summarizes the use of hydrogels and animal models for articular cartilage repair.Due to the limitations of current technology,it is still difficult to overcome problems such as angiogenesis and insufficient mechanical properties.The main purpose of this article is to review the progress of the application of natural hydrogels for cartilage injuries,hoping to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of joint injuries.