基于蚁群算法的农用物资配送路径优化研究——以江苏省涟水县为例

Research on Agricultural Demand Distribution Path Optimization Based on Ant Colony Algorithm:Take Lianshui County,Jiangsu Province as an Example

根据涟水县各镇(街道)的经纬度坐标,借助K-means分类和蚁群算法规划出三种分区配送方案,从配送成本和配送时效的角度出发建立评价模型,依托TOPSIS法对三种分区方案效率进行评价。研究结果显示:配送区域数量与运输成本呈正向关系,且随着配送区域数量的增加,配送成本的增长有发散的趋势;配送区域数量与配送时效亦呈正向关系;配送在运输领域的优化效果要显著于装卸领域;涟水县按照两区域进行农资配送效果最佳。有效降低回城空驾率;进一步强化二级区域配送效率;深入规划二级区域内多车辆配送线路是进一步优化涟水县农业物资配送的重点。

According to the longitude and latitude coordinates of each town(street)in Lianshui County,the K-means classification method and the ant colony algorithm are used to plan three distribution schemes in different areas.The evaluation model is established from the perspective of distribution cost and distribution efficiency.The efficiency of the three zoning schemes is evaluated based on TOPSIS method.The results show that there is a positive relationship between the number of distribution areas divided by agricultural demand and transportation costs in Lianshui County,and with the increase of the number of distribution areas,the growth of distribution costs has a divergent trend.There is a positive relationship between the number of distribution areas and the distribution efficiency.The optimization effect of distribution in the field of transportation is significantly better than that in the field of loading and unloading.According to the two regions,the agricultural demand distribution in Lianshui County has the best effect.Effectively reducing the rate of empty driving back to the city,strengthening the efficiency of secondary regional distribution and deeply planning the multi-vehicle distribution routes in the secondary area is the key to further optimize the agricultural distribution in Lianshui County.