收获机用静液压传动装置操纵力特性研究

Research on the Control Force Characteristics of Static Hydraulic Transmission Devices for Harvesters

由于静液压无级变速驱动技术操作便利,现有玉米收获机多采用静液压传动方式,传动系统包括发动机、静液压传动装置和机械式变速箱等部件。目前多数收获机是驾驶员通过机械手柄控制HST工作速度,田间收获时,驾驶员需要根据地势、玉米长势及种植密度等多种因素实时调整发动机转速、HST变量泵排量和收获机作业状态,需要频繁扳动手柄,驾驶员易疲劳,造成收获机行驶速度控制不准确,影响了玉米收获效率。为了减轻驾驶员的劳动强度,提高HST的速度控制精度和收获效率,本文从静液压传动装置的操纵力特性研究的角度出发,设计了静液压传动装置操纵力特性试验台,测量出HST调节手柄实际扭矩值,为把静液压传动装置从手动机械控制改为电机驱动自动控制提供设计所需要的基础数据。

Due to the convenience of operation,the existing corn harvesters mostly adopt the hydrostatic transmission mode,which includes the engine,hydrostatic transmission device and mechanical transmission.At present,the HST working speed on most harvesters are controlled by the driver through the mechanical adjusting handle.When harvesting in the field,the driver needs to adjust the engine speed,HST variable pump displacement and the working state of the harvester in real time according to various factors such as the terrain,corn growth and planting density.The driver needs to pull the handle frequently,which makes the driver easy to fatigue,resulting in inaccurate control of the speed of the harvester.The efficiency of corn harvest was affected.In order to reduce the driver's labor intensity and improve the speed control accuracy and harvest efficiency of HST,this paper designed a test bench for the control force characteristics of the hydrostatic transmission from the perspective of the research on the control force characteristics of the hydrostatic transmission,and measured the actual torque value of the HST regulating handle,which have provided the basic data needed for the design of the hydrostatic transmission device from manual mechanical control to motor driven automatic control.