基于运载能力的铁路集装箱中心站轨道吊与集卡协同优化

Collaborative Optimization of Rail Mounted Gantry Crane and Container Truck Based on Actual Transportation Capacity in Railway Container Terminals

为解决铁路集装箱中心站设备资源有限的问题,本文基于集卡实际运载能力,研究铁路集装箱中心站集卡“一车两箱”模式下,“轨道吊-集卡”协同优化问题,并构建以集卡作业完成时间最短为目标的整数规划模型,同时,考虑集卡运输不同尺寸集装箱的决策以及轨道吊的安全约束等实际情况。为求解模型,设计考虑轨道吊分配策略的遗传模拟退火算法,并进行3组不同规模的实验,验证模型和算法的可行性和有效性。实验结果表明,与传统集卡“一车一箱”模式下,“轨道吊-集卡”协同作业相比,集卡“一车两箱”模式下,作业完成时间平均缩短了13.3%,并且随着算例规模的增大,集卡“一车两箱”模式的作业完成时间缩短越明显;同时,集卡“一车两箱”模式下,轨道吊作业更加灵活且作业量更均衡;此外,当铁路集装箱中心站集卡资源有限时,集卡“一车两箱”模式也可以提高设备的利用率。

To address the problem posed by limited equipment resources in railway container terminals,this study focuses on the collaborative optimization problem of rail mounted gantry crane and container truck based on the actual transportation capacity of container trucks within the mode of one-truck-two-containers.An integer programming model is formulated with the objective of minimizing truck completion times of the trucks.The model considers task allocations of containers within the one-truck-two-containers mode and incorporates safety constraints relevant to rail mounted gantry cranes.To solve the model,a genetic simulated annealing algorithm considering the distribution strategy of the rail crane is designed.Three sets of experiments with different scales are conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.The experimental results show that the one-truck-two-containers mode results in an average completion time reduction of 13.3%compared with the traditional collaborative operation under the one-truck-one-container mode.As the scale of examples increases,the time reduction become more significant.Furthermore,the one-truck-two-containers mode exhibits enhanced flexibility in rail mounted gantry crane operations,ensuring a more balanced workload distribution.Importantly,when the resources of container truck are limited,the one-truck-two-containers also improves the utilization rate of equipment.