血液代谢组学研究的样本分析前阶段规范化流程分析

Standardization of the Pre-analytical Phase of Blood Metabolomics Studies

血液因其微创采集和简单的预处理方法被认为是代谢组学首选的研究样本,但血液中代谢物种类繁多、理化性质各异、对环境变化敏感,离体后易发生氧化、聚合或降解。许多分析前变量影响实验室检测结果的有效性,包括采集对象的筛选、样本类型(血清/血浆)、收集管(抗凝剂/促凝剂)、溶血、离心前延迟、离心速度、离心后延迟、运输、长期储存和冻融循环,因此识别和控制这些变量,最大限度地减少由技术问题引起的样本间变异性,对于获得有效的分析数据至关重要。本研究综述了各分析前阶段对临床血液代谢组学研究的影响,以及如何评估已收集的血液样本质量,并进行总结与提出建议,为多中心临床研究和大规模人群队列研究获得稳定可重复的代谢组学研究结果提供参考。

Blood is regarded as preferred subjects for metabolomics studies because of their minimally invasive collection and simple preprocessing methods.However,there are various metabolites with different physicochemical properties,sensitivity to environmental changes,and proneness to oxidation,aggregation,or degradation in vitro.A number of pre-analytical variables affect the validity of laboratory test results,including selection of collection subjects,sample type(serum/plasma),collection tube(anticoagulant/procoagulant),hemolysis,precentrifugation delay,centrifugation speed,postcentrifugation delay,transportation,and long-term storage,and freeze-thawing cycles.Thus,identification and control of such variables,minimizing sample-to-sample variability caused by these technical issues is crucial to obtain valid analytical data.This paper reviews the effect of various pre-analytical steps on clinical blood metabolomics,and how to assess the quality of collected blood samples,and provides summary and recommendations.Furthermore,it provides guidance for multicenter clinical studies and large population cohort studies.