黄连及其提取物防治肺部感染的研究进展

Research progress of Coptis and its extracts in prevention and treatment of pulmonary infection

肺部感染已成为威胁人类健康的重大疾病,给数百万患者的身体健康造成严重威胁。黄连是典型清热药,主要活性成分包括黄连素(小檗碱)、黄连碱等,具有强效清热燥湿作用,可通过多种途径防治肺部感染。黄连及其提取物对肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、流感病毒、冠状病毒等多种肺部感染病原菌具有抗菌活性。黄连及其提取物还可增强抗生素的抗菌活性。黄连及其提取物可通过抑制多种炎症因子释放、阻止核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)激活、抑制NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3, NLRP3)炎症小体活化、调节T细胞免疫反应、降低粘附分子的释放、抑制磷脂酶A2(Phospholipase A2,PLA2)的释放,降低病原菌引发的炎症反应。黄连及其提取物能降低肺部血管内皮损伤,抑制新血管形成,阻止肺纤维化,以降低肺部损伤。本研究通过文献整理,对黄连及其提取物防治肺部感染的作用机制进行了综述。

Lung infection has become a major disease that threatens human health.Coptis is a typical heat-clearing drug,the main active ingredients include berberine(berberine),coptis,etc.,has a strong heat-clearing and dampness effect,can prevent pulmonary infection through a variety of ways.Coptis and its extracts have antibacterial activity against Klebsiella inflammatory,pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae,influenza virus,coronavirus and other pathogenic bacteria of pulmonary infection.Coptis and its extracts can also enhance the antibacterial activity of antibiotics.Coptis and its extracts can inhibit the release of various inflammatory factors,prevent the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammatome,regulate T cell immune response,reduce the release of adhesion molecules,and inhibit the release of phospholipase A2(PLA2),reduce inflammation caused by pathogenic bacteria.Coptis and its extract can reduce pulmonary vascular endothelial injury,inhibit the formation of new blood vessels,prevent pulmonary fibrosis,and reduce lung injury.In this study,the mechanism of Coptis and its extracts in preventing pulmonary infection was reviewed.