弹性体阻尼材料的研究进展

Research progress on elastomer damping materials

弹性体阻尼材料具有独特的动态粘弹性行为,被广泛应用于减震、降噪等多个领域。在实际应用过程中,弹性体阻尼材料常面临有效阻尼温域窄、损耗因子较低的问题。拓宽有效阻尼温域、提高损耗因子是目前开发高性能弹性体阻尼材料的主要方向。从弹性体阻尼材料的阻尼机理出发,阐述了分子链形态与结构、温度及振动频率、弹性体组成体系对弹性体阻尼材料阻尼性能的影响。介绍了弹性体阻尼材料的改性方法及近几年来的最新研究进展。

Elastomer damping materials have unique dynamic viscoelastic behavior and are widely used in many fields such as vibration damping and noise reduction.In practical applications,elastomer damping materials often face the problems of narrow effective damping temperature range and low loss factor.Widening the effective damping temperature range and increasing the loss factor are the main directions for the development of high performance elastomer damping materials.Based on the damping mechanism of elastomer damping materials,this paper expounds the influence of molecular structure,operating temperature and vibration frequency,and elastomer composition system on the damping performance of elastomer damping materials.The modification methods of elastomer damping materials and the latest research progress in recent years are also introduced.