基于多种标记技术的榴莲蜜种质的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Artocarpus integer Germplasm Resources Based on Multiple Marker Techniques

榴莲蜜为桑科木菠萝属热带稀有水果,原产马来半岛,近年在海南引种栽培成功。为了区分25份材料以及鉴定它们的亲缘关系的远近。本研究利用形态学,DNA条形码和ISSR分子标记技术对23份榴莲蜜和2份菠萝蜜种质进行种类鉴别以及亲缘关系分析,以探讨海南榴莲蜜种质资源的遗传多样性。结果表明通过对叶片刚毛性状的鉴定,可将25份种质资源分成3类。以ITS2序列和psbA-trnH序列作为DNA条形码,分别将25份种质资源分成5大类和3大类,2种序列都无法将25份材料完全进行区分,但都可将榴莲蜜LLM-10与其他榴莲蜜种质区分开来,其中,LLM-10与菠萝蜜的亲缘关系最近。从ITS2序列和psbA-trnH序列差异位点图来分析,psbA-trnH序列变异位点多,遗传变异信息丰富。ISSR分子标记技术分析了25份种质资源的遗传多样性,菠萝蜜和榴莲蜜样本的遗传相似系数在0.57~0.80,榴莲蜜样本之间的遗传相似系数在0.59~0.90,说明菠萝蜜种质与榴莲蜜种质之间,榴莲蜜与榴莲蜜种质之间的遗传变异幅度都较大;UPGMA聚类图将25份材料分成5大类,其中榴莲蜜LLM-10独自聚成1类,这与形态学和DNA条形码鉴定分类具有很高的一致性。本研究依据2种分子标记技术和形态学分类实现了25份木菠萝属种质资源的鉴定和分类,为榴莲蜜种质资源的鉴定和判别提供了技术支持和参考依据。

Cempedak[Artocarpus integer(Thunb.)Merr.]is a rare tropical fruit of Artocarpus genus of Moraceae family.It originated in Peninsula Malaysia and has been successfully introduced and cultivated in Hainan in recent years.In order to distinguish between the 25 materials and determine how close they are related.In order to explore the genetic diversity of cempedak germplasm resources in Hainan Province,23 cempedak germplasm varieties and 2 jackfruit germplasm varieties were identified and their phylogenetic relationships were analyzed by using morphology,DNA barcoding and ISSR molecular markers.The results showed that 25 germplasm varieties could be divided into three classes by identification of leaf setae traits.Using ITS2 sequence and psbA-trnH sequence as DNA barcodes,25 germplasm varieties were divided into 5 and 3 categories,respectively.Neither DNA barcode sequence could completely distinguish 25 materials,but could distinguish cempedak LLM-10 from other empedak germplasm varieties.LLM-10 is the closest relative of jackfruit.According to the analysis of ITS2 sequence and psbA-trnH sequence differential loci map,psbA-trnH sequence variation loci are many,and the genetic variation information is rich.The genetic diversity of 25 germplasm varieties was analyzed by ISSR.The genetic similarity coefficient between jackfruit and cempedak samples was between 0.57 and 0.80,and the genetic similarity coefficient of cempedak samples was between 0.59 and 0.90,indicating that the range of genetic variation between jackfruit and cempedak germplasm varieties was large.UPGMA cluster map showed that 25 materials were divided into 5 categories,among which cempedak LLM-10 was grouped into one group,which was highly consistent with morphological and DNA barcoding identification.Based on two molecular markers and morphological classification,25 germplasm varieties of the genus Artocarpus were identified and classified.This study pro vided technical support and reference for the identification and discrimination of cempedak germplasm resources.