唐山市某煤矿井下工人骨质疏松危险因素调查分析

Investigation on the risk factors of osteoporosis in underground coal mine workers in Tangshan city

目的分析唐山市煤矿井下工人骨质疏松的危险因素。方法通过分层整群抽样法选取2015年1月至2020年12月唐山市某煤矿1072名煤矿井下工人为研究对象,根据双能X线骨密度测量法分为骨质疏松组164例和非骨质疏松组908例。通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析唐山市煤矿井下工人骨质疏松危险因素。结果单因素分析显示,骨质疏松组年龄和BMI<19 kg/m^(2)、工龄≥10年、文化程度初中以下、长期吸烟、过量饮酒、偶尔摄入奶制品、日照时间<30 min/d比例高于非骨质疏松组(χ^(2)/t=6.182、8.321、6.944、4.668、11.652、7.872、5.826、6.338,P均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄增加、工龄≥10年、长期吸烟、过量饮酒是唐山市煤矿井下工人骨质疏松的独立危险因素,BMI≥19 kg/m^(2)、经常摄入奶制品、日照时间≥30 min/d为独立保护因素[OR(95%CI)=1.545(1.077~2.215)、1.597(1.120~2.276)、1.983(1.282~3.067)、3.039(2.131~4.333)、0.599(0.414~0.868)、0.724(0.508~0.961)、0.671(0.472~0.954),P均<0.05]。结论唐山市煤矿井下工人骨质疏松受年龄、BMI、工龄、吸烟、饮酒、奶制品摄入、日照时间有关,应做好相关预防措施,降低骨质疏松患病率。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in underground coal mine workers in Tangshan city.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1072 underground coal mine workers in Tangshan coal mines from January 2015 to December 2020 as the research objects.According to the dual-energy X-ray bone density measurement method,they were divided into osteoporosis groups(n=164)and non-osteoporotic group(n=908).The risk factors for osteoporosis in Tangshan coal mine underground workers were analyzed by univariate and multifactorial logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that the proportions of age and BMI<19 kg/m^(2),length of service≥10 year,education level below junior high school,long-term smoking,excessive alcohol consumption,occasional intake of dairy products,and daytime exposure<30 min/d were higher in the osteoporosis group than in the non-osteoporosis group(χ^(2)/t=6.182,8.321,6.944,4.668,11.652,7.872,5.826,6.338,all P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age,≥10 years of working experience,long-term smoking,and excessive alcohol consumption were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in underground coal mine workers in Tangshan City,and≥19 kg/m^(2),frequent intake of dairy products,and sunshine duration≥30 min/d were independent protective factors[OR(95%CI)=1.545(1.077 to 2.215),1.597(1.120 to 2.276),1.983(1.282 to 3.067),3.039(2.131 to 4.333),0.599(0.414 to 0.868),0.724(0.508 to 0.961),0.671(0.472 to 0.954),all P<0.05].Conclusion Osteoporosis in underground coal mine workers in Tangshan City is related to age,length of service,smoking,alcohol consumption,dairy product intake,and sunlight hours,and relevant preventive measures should be taken to reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis.