重构本草——罂粟壳

Reconstruction of Chinese materia medica-poppy capsule

通过文献调研、中药现代研究及其成果梳理,结合中医学、中药学等领域内专家学者的应用经验,经过反复的专家论证,认为:罂粟壳功效主要为敛肺,涩肠,止痛。症靶为疼痛、腹泻、咳嗽。现代药理发现,罂粟壳及其有效成分具有镇痛、镇咳平喘、止泻、缩瞳、收缩胆道平滑肌等作用。本品有毒,婴儿、孕妇等多种人群忌服,具有成瘾性,不宜大量、长期服用。罂粟壳属麻醉药品,临床应用法规严肃,不可单方发药,规定每张处方不得超过7 d用量,连续使用不得超过7 d,成人1次的常用量为3~6 g·d^(-1)。临床医家经验总结使用剂量为3~30 g,内服时根据不同病证阶段辨证使用,并积极探索最佳用量。

Through the investigation of literature and the sorting of the modern research achievements of traditional Chinese medicine,combined with the application experience of experts and scholars in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine and science of Chinese materia medica,and after repeated expert argumentation,it is believed that poppy capsule mainly has the effects of astringing lungs,astringing intestines,and relieving pain.The symptom targets are pain,diarrhea and cough.Modern pharmacology has found that poppy capsule and its active ingredients have the effects of relieving pain,relieving cough and asthma,relieving diarrhea,myosis,and contractiling smooth muscle of the biliary tract.This product is toxic,and should not be taken by infants,pregnant women and other people.It is addictive and should not be taken in large quantities or for a long time.Poppy capsule is a kind of narcotic drug with strict clinical applicaton regulations,which should not be dispensed in single prescription.Each prescription should not exceed three days of use,continuous use should not exceed seven days,and the usual dosage used for adults at once is 3-6 g·d^(-1).According to the experience of clinical doctors,the dosage used is 3-30g.When taken orally,it should be used dialectically according to different stages of diseases,and the best dosage should be explored actively.