乡村青年教师“内卷”与“躺平”:为何与何为

Rural Young Teachers“involution”and“Lying Flat”:Why and How

当前乡村青年教师中较为普遍存在的“内卷”与“躺平”现象,影响着乡村教师队伍稳定与乡村教育质量提升。采用深度访谈和自传社会学方法,分析乡村青年教师出现“内卷”与“躺平”职业态度的缘由发现:乡村青年教师陷入“内卷”是因为职业发展空间狭窄、“唯上”职业追求的指引,以及“剧场效应”的裹挟;选择“躺平”是由于自身职业追求的“低欲望”、舒适圈的“侵蚀”、工作“负担”与“挫败”引发的消极对抗、“边缘人”身份导致的主动放弃。应对乡村青年教师职业态度偏差,需要坚定教师职业理想,塑造积极职业价值观;关注教师职业生涯发展阶段,创设合适发展机遇;凝聚教师团队力量,满足个体发展需求;完善乡村学校内部管理,合理安排工作任务;构建和谐工作氛围,帮助教师融入乡村文化环境。

At present,the phenomenon of“inner roll”and“lying flat”is more common among young rural teachers,which affects the stability of rural teachers and the improvement of rural education quality.Using the methods of in-depth interview and autobiographical sociology,the reasons for the professional attitude of“inner volume”and“lying flat”among young rural teachers are analyzed:rural young teachers fall into“inner volume”because of the narrow career development space,the guidance of career pursuit,“only”and“theater effect”;rural young teachers fall into“lying flat”because of low desire for professional promotion,erosion of comfortable zone,negative confroting between work burden and frustration,and the status of marginal person.To deal with the deviation of the professional attitude of rural young teachers,it is necessary to strengthen their professional ideals and shape positive professional values;pay attention to the stage of teachers’career development,and create appropriate development opportunities;gather the strength of teacher team to meet the individual development needs;improve the internal management of rural schools and arrange work tasks reasonably;build a harmonious working atmosphere and help teachers to integrate into the rural cultural environment.