角膜内皮移植研究热点分析及未来研究方向预测

Hot topics in endothelial keratoplasty research and future research directions

目的了解角膜内皮移植(EK)近年的文献分布规律和研究热点。方法以Web of Science核心合集中的科学引文扩展索引和社会科学引文索引为数据源,提取2011—2021年以EK为主题的文献,对以EK为主题、文献类型为论著的年文献量、文献发表量前10的作者和期刊、引用频次前10位的论文及其主要观点进行统计,并将文献数据导入VOSviewer软件,对EK相关领域文献的核心作者及关键词进行可视化分析。结果共检索出文献1454篇。2011—2021年,文献发表量的逐年累积量呈线性增长,美国是发表EK相关文献最多的国家,Melles GRJ的论文发表量和论文被引数均占据第1位,文献发表总量排名第1的期刊为Cornea。目前,EK的研究方向主要集中于多种术式术后效果的比较和相关并发症的处理。关键词分析显示,其被分为5个聚类,其中聚类1是关于EK术后视觉质量的评价;聚类2是术后并发症和移植失败高风险因素的分析;聚类3是以角膜后弹力层内皮移植(DMEK)为中心的适应证和手术技巧的研究;聚类4是植片相关问题,如植片制备、内皮细胞损失、术后植片脱位的处理等;聚类5主要是角膜移植术式的变化趋势。出现频次最多的关键词是DMEK,共559次,说明目前DMEK是EK相关研究领域的重点。2017年以来,"DMEK"、"previous trabeculectomy"、"graft preparation"、"stability"、"safety"、"air"等关键词出现频次增加,可见有青光眼手术史的病例处理、手术的安全性和稳定性、大气泡法制备植片是近几年来的研究热点。结论植片制备技巧、复杂病例处理、角膜内皮疾病患者青光眼的治疗方法、大气泡法制备植片的长期术后效果评估可能成为今后EK研究发展的方向。

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of literature and hot topics of endothelial keratoplasty (EK) in recent years.MethodsUsing the Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Science Citation Index in Web of Science Core Collection database as the data sources, the literature on EK from 2011 to 2021 was collected and the annual volume of published original research articles on EK, the top 10 authors and journals with the highest number of published articles, and the top 10 cited articles were analyzed.The author and keyword data of the collected relevant literature were imported into VOSviewer software for visual analysis.ResultsA total of 1 454 articles were included.The cumulative volume of articles increased linearly from 2011 to 2021, the United States was the country that published the most EK-related literature, with Melles GRJ ranking first in terms of the highest number of published articles and the highest number of citations, and Cornea ranking first in terms of the total number of publications.Hot topics of EK mainly focused on the comparison of postoperative effects of different procedures and the management of complications.Keywords were grouped into 5 clusters, the evaluation of the postoperative visual quality of EK, the high-risk factors for postoperative complications and transplantation failure, the indications and surgical techniques of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), corneal graft issues including graft preparation, endothelial cell loss and management of graft dislocation, and the changing trend of corneal transplantation.The most frequently occurring keyword was DMEK, with a total of 559 occurrences, indicating that DMEK was the focus of EK-related research.Since 2017, the frequency of keywords such as DMEK, previous trabeculectomy, graft preparation, stability, safety, and air has increased, suggesting that the treatment of patients with a history of glaucoma surgery, the safety and stability of surgery, and the preparation of big-bubble graft had been the focus of research in recent years.ConclusionsGraft preparation, the management of complicated cases, the treatment of glaucoma in patients with corneal endothelial diseases and the evaluation of the long-term postoperative effects of big-bubble graft preparation may become the future EK research direction.