人工智能在睑板腺功能障碍相关干眼中的应用现状及进展

Application status and progress of artificial intelligence in dry eye associated with meibomian gland dysfunction

近年来,随着环境变化以及部分人群过度用眼等因素影响,干眼的发病率逐年升高,作为其主要类型的蒸发过强型干眼的发生多是由于脂质层出现质或量异常而引起的睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)所致,由于诊断和分类的差异,目前对于该病的治疗尚无统一标准,临床医生对其诊疗效果的判断和随访管理受限。随着大数据的可获得性、计算机图形处理及数学模型的改进,人工智能(AI)在医疗领域获得广泛应用。AI系统能够利用机器学习和深度学习等技术,发挥先进的问题求解能力,使诊断更客观,提高诊疗效率。AI在眼科的应用主要是基于眼科图像的辅助诊断、眼病筛查,减少医疗系统对人工的依赖程度,使眼病相关筛查诊断更快速、更便捷、一致性更高,缓解医疗负担,从而显著提高医疗服务的效率和成本效益。目前,AI在白内障、青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变等领域的使用日趋成熟,在MGD相关干眼领域的研究也取得一定进展,本文就AI在MGD相关干眼中的应用现状及进展进行综述。

In recent years,the incidence of dry eye disease has been increasing year by year due to environmental changes and some people's overuse of eyes.As the main type of dry eye disease,hyperevaporative dry eye disease is mostly caused by meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)resulted from abnormal quality or quantity of lipid layer.Due to differences in diagnosis and classification,there is no unified standard for the treatment of this disease at present.The clinician's judgment of the diagnosis and treatment effect and follow-up management are limited.With the availability of big data,improvements in computer graphics processing and mathematical models,artificial intelligence(AI)is widely used in the medical field.AI systems can utilize technologies such as machine learning and deep learning to exert advanced problem-solving capabilities,making diagnosis more objective and improving diagnosis and treatment efficiency.The application of AI in ophthalmology is mainly based on the auxiliary diagnosis of eye images and the screening of eye diseases,which reduces the dependence of the medical system on manual labor,makes the screening and diagnosis of eye diseases faster,more convenient and more consistent,alleviates the medical burden,and thus significantly improves the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of medical services.At present,the application of AI in cataract,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy and other fields is becoming more and more mature,and the research in the field of MGD-related dry eye has also made certain progress.This article reviewed the application status and progress of AI in MGD-related dry eye.