相机权衡:流动未成年人轻微盗窃的行为策略和模式

Situational Weighing:A Study on Strategies and Patterns of Migrant Juveniles’Petty Theft

盗窃罪是我国未成年人犯罪的主要类型。本研究以甲市流动未成年人的轻微盗窃行为作为研究对象,讨论该犯罪行为的生成情境及发生机制。在中国社会转型背景下,大规模的社会流动导致了部分未成年人家庭照护与社会照护的不足或缺位,使其陷入“跛脚独立”困境。在生存需求的满足受到威胁与“跛脚独立”情境的双重制约下,部分流动未成年人步入轻微盗窃歧途,试图走向所谓“平衡独立”。在实施盗窃的过程中,他们往往会在需求、价值观和认知三方面进行权衡,而关键阶段依次发生的需求倾向的临时漂移、情境式道德突破和基于行为理性的情境控制共同导致了轻微盗窃行为的发生,呈现出相机权衡的特点。本研究聚焦于盗窃发生时行为与情境的互动,以期填补我国未成年人犯罪研究在此方面的空白。

Theft is the main type of juvenile delinquency.Based on the interviews in A City,this research takes migrant juveniles’petty theft as the object to discuss the generating situation and the generative mechanism of this criminal behavior.In the context of Chinese social transformation,the intense social mobility has led to the inadequacy or absence of family care and social care for some juveniles,which put the juveniles in a predicament of“lame independence”.Under the dual constraints of threatened survival needs satisfaction and the“lame independence”situation,some migrant juveniles go astray in petty theft to achieve so-called“balanced independence”.In the specific implementation process of theft,migrant juveniles weigh their needs,value systems satisfaction and cognition.During that,the temporary drift of needs’tendency,situational moral breakthroughs,and sit⁃uational control based on behavior rationality that occur sequentially in critical stages have jointly caused the occurrence of petty theft,presenting the features of situational weighing.This research focuses on the interaction between the behavior and the situation when theft occurs to supplement the accumulation of research on juvenile delinquency in China.