徐州市2013-2022年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in schools in Xuzhou City from 2013 to 2022

目的 了解徐州市学校突发公共卫生事件发生的规律和特点,为制定突发公共卫生事件应对和防控策略提供参考依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法,对2013-2022年国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理系统中徐州市报告的学校突发公共卫生事件相关信息进行分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,突发公共卫生事件的介入处置时间与持续时间的相关关系采用Spearman相关。结果 2013-2022年徐州市每年均有学校突发公共卫生事件报告,共206起。其中呼吸道传染病引起的事件186起,肠道传染病引起的事件20起,共报告病例10 965例,罹患率为0.64%。报告事件数居前3位的疾病依次为水痘(占44.17%)、流行性感冒(占29.13%)和流行性腮腺炎(占15.05%);报告事件数居前3位的学校类别依次为小学(占58.25%)、幼儿园(占16.99%)和初中(占16.50%)。城镇学校报告的突发公共卫生事件数(182起)高于农村学校(24起)(χ^(2)=32 017.607,P<0.001),城镇学校罹患率低于农村学校(χ^(2)=3 602.764,P<0.001)。192起事件的介入处置时间与事件持续时间之间正相关(rs=0.358,P<0.001)。结论呼吸道传染病是导致徐州市学校突发公共卫生事件的重要因素,小学是徐州市学校突发公共卫生事件的主要场所,突发公共卫生事件的介入处置时间与持续时间呈正相关。应因地制宜地做好防控措施和监测工作,减少各类传染病相关的学校突发公共卫生事件的发生。

Objective To understand the regularity and characteristics of public health emergencies in schools in Xuzhou City,and to provide scientific basis for effective response and prevention for public health emergencies.Methods A de-scriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the relevant information of public health emergencies in schools repor-ted in Xuzhou City in the National Public Health Emergencies Reporting and Management Information System from 2013 to 2022.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between intervention time and duration of public health emergencies.Results From 2013 to 2022,there were 206 school public health emergencies reported in schod every year in Xuzhou City,of which 186 incidents were caused by respiratory infectious diseases and 20 incidents were caused by intestinal infectious diseases.A total of 10965 cases were reported,with an incidence rate of 0.64%.The top three diseases with the highest number reported were chickenpox(44.17%),influenza(29.13%),and mumps(15.05%).Schods with the highest number of reported incidents were primary schools(58.25%),kindergartens(16.99%),and junior high schools(16.50%).The number of public health emergencies reported in urban schools(182)was higher than that in rural schools(24)(χ^(2)=32017.607,P<0.001).The incidence rate in urban schools was lower than that in rural schools(χ^(2)=3602.764,P<0.001).There was a positive correlation between intervention time and event duration for 192 incidents(r s=0.358,P<0.001).Conclusion Respiratory infectious diseases are important fac-tors leading to public health emergencies in schools in Xuzhou City.Primary schools are the main place where public health emergencies occur in schools in Xuzhou City and the intervention and disposal time of public health emergencies is positive-ly correlated with the duration.Therefore,monitoring and prevention measures should be taken according to local conditions,so as to reduce the occurrence of school public health emergencies related to various infectious diseases.