再议松本清张从纯文学向大众文学的转型

Reconsidering Matsumoto Seicho's Transformation from Serious Literature to Popular Literature

松本清张文学研究中的“转型说”,既指出纯文学与大众文学的异质性,又在名为松本清张的统一体中将两者联结,故暗藏对纯文学与大众文学二分对立图式的肯定与否定。考察转型前后的创作活动与时代语境可知,从芥川奖获奖作品等“学艺”世界评传小说,到风靡日本全国的“社会派推理小说”,松本清张的创作主张并未经历骤变,作品保持了一以贯之的性格;以纯文学为尊的评价体系和二战后新读者群体的形成,共同构成转型成立的条件。“转型说”尽管具有历史局限性,但指出正视推理小说文学价值的必要性,并为书写纯文学与大众文学兼容统一的日本文学史提供启发。

The"Transformation Theory"in the study of Matsumoto Seicho's literature subtly serves to elucidate the heterogeneity between serious literature and popular literature while simultaneously linking the two within the unified framework of Matsumoto Seicho's oeuvre.As such,it embodies both affirmation and negation of the dichotomy between serious literature and popular literature.An examination of the creative activities and the contemporary context before and after this transformation reveals that Matsumoto Seicho's creative principles,from his Akutagawa Prize-winning works and other"Gakugei"world biographical novels to the widely popular"Shakaiha Mystery Novel"that captivated Japan,did not undergo abrupt changes.His works have maintained a consistent character.The convergence of an evaluative system that reveres serious literature and the formation of a new readership after World War II collectively constitute the conditions for this transformation.While the"Transformation Theory"is limited by its historical context,it highlights the necessity of recognizing the literary value of mystery novels and provides inspiration for writing a unified history of Japanese literature that reconciles serious literature and popular literature.