城市行政等级对土地利用效率的影响——基于资源集聚能力中介的视角

Impact of administrative hierarchy on land use efficiency:from the perspective of mediating resource agglomeration capability

行政等级作为城市政治资本的直观展现,很大程度上决定了城市的资源集聚能力,进而对土地利用效率产生重要影响。该研究利用2005—2021年中国266个城市的数据,采用非期望产出SBM模型对中国城市土地利用效率进行测度,并运用中介效应模型、有调节的中介效应模型和控制函数法从理论与实证两方面分析了城市行政等级对土地利用效率的影响及其作用渠道。研究结果发现:(1)高等级城市比普通地级市拥有更高的资源集聚能力和土地利用效率,且城市的等级越高影响效果越大,在更改被解释变量、解释变量和内生性检验后结论依然成立。(2)中介效应的结果表明,资源集聚能力在行政等级和土地利用效率的影响关系中发挥正向中介的作用,行政等级通过集聚各类城市发展所需的资源影响土地利用效率。(3)多重中介效应的结果表明经济和公共资源集聚能力在行政等级和土地利用效率的影响关系中发挥正向中介的作用,经济和公共资源集聚能力越高,城市土地利用效率也越高;政治资源集聚能力在行政等级和土地利用效率的影响关系中发挥负向中介的作用,政治资源集聚能力的提高降低了城市土地利用效率。(4)有调节的中介效应检验发现,在资源集聚能力固定时,提高政府财政透明度将有利于提升城市土地利用效率。基于以上结论,为提高城市土地利用效率提供一些建议:上级政府适当下放一定程度的经济发展权限,提升部分强市的话语权;打破市场分割,推进生产要素在城市之间自由流动;提升政府治理能力,推动政府信息公开,规范政府办事流程,杜绝土地市场交易中的腐败行为。

As an intuitive display of urban political capital,administrative hierarchy largely determines a city’s resource agglomera-tion ability.It also has an important impact on land use efficiency.Using the data of 266 cities in China from 2005 to 2021,this paper used the SBM model of unexpected output to measure the efficiency of urban land use in China,and used the mediating effect model,moderated mediating effect model,and control function method to analyze the relationship between administrative hierarchy and land use efficiency from both theoretical and empirical aspects.The results showed that:①High-level cities had higher resource agglomera-tion capacity and land use efficiency;the higher the level,the greater the impact.After changing the measurement of dependent vari-ables and independent variables and undergoing endogeneity testing,this conclusion was still robust.②The results of the mediating ef-fects showed that,through resource agglomeration capacity,the administrative hierarchy had a positive impact on land use efficiency.Administrative hierarchy affected land use efficiency by aggregating various resources required for urban development.③The results of multiple mediating effects indicated that the agglomeration capacity of economy and public resources played a positive mediating role in the relationship between administrative hierarchy and land use efficiency.The higher the agglomeration capacity of the economy and public resources,the higher the efficiency of urban land use efficiency.The agglomeration capacity of political resources played a nega-tive mediating role in the relationship between administrative hierarchy and land use efficiency,and the improvement of the agglomera-tion capacity of political resources reduced urban land use efficiency.④The results of moderated mediation showed that when resource agglomeration capacity was certain,improving fiscal transparency would be conducive to improving land use efficiency.Based on the above conclusions,suggestions are provided to improve the efficiency of urban land use:the superior governments should appropriately delegate a certain degree of economic development authority to enhance the discourse power of some strong cities.Market segmentation should be broken,and the free flow of production factors between cities should be promoted.The governments should enhance their gov-ernance capabilities,promote information disclosure,standardize procedures,and eliminate corrupt practices in land market transac-tions.