基于燃料电池的离网住宅混合可再生能源电力系统能源管理系统优化

Energy management system optimization of off-grid residential hybrid renewable energy power system based on fuel cell

随着世界工业化进程的飞速发展,不断完善和发展以光伏发电等为代表的新能源能缓解能源危机与环境污染问题。本文分析了储能电池燃料电池以及超级电容的特点,针对偏远地区长期无法并网问题,提出了一个结合超级电容的短效储能与燃料电池长效储能的混合可再生能源电力与能源管理系统,以确保离网用户的电能安全高效稳定运行。系统中电能主要来自光伏发电系统,并将燃料电池系统(燃料电池/电解设备/储氢罐)作为备用系统,以蓄电池/超级电容器为储能系统。另外本文提出的能量管理系统(EMS)能够在供电侧通过优化算法控制电力系统各部件之间的行为模式,保证用户的电压和功率稳定。在需求侧通过需求响应算法,根据电力系统在不同时间和不同运行条件下供能能力,制定包含恒温可调、开/关不间断和可切断等家电的运行策略。最后对本文研究的离网用户储能式电力与能源管理系统进行仿真实验,采用不同光照条件以及可变的负荷数据对提出的离网系统用Matlab进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,该系统能够实现碳减排的同时保障用电需求,提升系统的经济与环境效益,具有一定的实际意义。

With the rapid development of the world’s industrialization process,the continuous improvement and development of new energy represented by photovoltaic power generation can alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems.To ensure the safe,efficient and stable operation of off-grid users’power supply,this paper analyzes the characteristics of energy storage batteries,fuel cells and supercapacitors,and proposes a hybrid renewable energy power and energy management that combines short-term energy storage of supercapacitors and long-term energy storage of fuel cells for the long-term inability to connect to the grid in remote areas.The electrical energy in the system mainly comes from the photovoltaic power generation system,and the fuel cell system(fuel cell/electrolysis equipment/hydrogen storage tank)is used as the backup system,and the battery/supercapacitor is used as the energy storage system.In addition,the energy management system(EMS)proposed in this paper can control the behavior patterns among the components of the power system through optimization algorithms on the power supply side to ensure the stability of the user’s voltage and power.On the demand side,through the demand response algorithm,according to the power system time and energy supply capacity under different operating conditions,and the operating strategies are formulated for home appliances including adjustable constant temperature,uninterrupted on/off,and cut-off.Finally,the relevant simulation experiments of the off-grid user energy storage power and energy management system studied in this paper are carried out,and the proposed off-grid system is simulated and verified by Matlab using different lighting conditions and variable load data.The simulation results show that the system can achieve carbon emission reduction while ensuring electricity demand,and improve the economic and environmental benefits of the system,which has certain practical significance.