昆明市0-3岁育儿家庭托育需求影响因素研究

A Study on the Influencing Factors of Childcare Serivce Need for Families with 0-3 Years Old Children in Kunming City

基于对820个家庭的问卷调查,文章运用描述统计和二元Logistic逻辑回归方法分析了家庭因素、托育机构因素和政策因素对家庭托育需求的影响。研究发现,婴幼儿的年龄、家庭居住地、监护人的职业和月收入、托育机构的公办属性和交通便利性、对无收入母亲的经济补助、提供育儿知识和技能培训等个性化咨询服务、简化新生儿户籍登记服务、为时间和精力不足的父母提供日间照料服务、加强对普惠性托育机构的认定等都能显著影响家庭托育需求。研究提出政策建议,应扩大公办托育服务机构数量和规模;改善托育机构的交通条件;建立完善托育服务成本分担机制;建立多元化的托育服务模式,满足家庭的个性化和多样化需求;建立健全托育服务评价和激励机制,提高托育服务的效率和质量;加强监管,积极推进托育服务机构的普惠化进程。

This study aims to explore the influencing factors of family childcare service need for 0-3 year old infants and toddlers in Kunming city.Based on a questionnaire survey of 820 families,descriptive statistics and binary Logistic regression methods were used to analyze the effects of family factors,childcare institution factors and policy factors on family childcare demand.The study found that the age of infants and toddlers,the city of family residence,the occupation and income of guardians,the public attribute and transportation convenience of childcare institutions,the economic subsidy for mothers with no income,the personalized consultation services such as providing parenting knowledge and skills training,simplifying the household registration service for newborns,providing daytime care services for parents who are short of time and energy,strengthening the recognition of inclusive childcare institutions can significantly affect the factors of family childcare demand.Policy suggestions are put forward,such as expanding the number and scale of public childcare service institutions,improving the transportation conditions of childcare institutions,establishing a sound childcare service cost-sharing mechanism,establishing diversified childcare service modes,meeting the personalized and diversified needs of families,establishing a sound childcare service evaluation and incentive mechanism,improving the efficiency and quality of childcare service,strengthening supervision,and actively promoting the inclusiveness of childcare service institutions.