免疫细胞在直肠癌放化疗中预测价值的研究进展

Research progress on predictive value of immune cells in chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer

新辅助放化疗(NCRT)是局部晚期直肠癌(LARC)的标准治疗策略。患者对NCRT的反应性不同,故临床预后差异较大。建立敏感的生物标记物在NCRT前预测患者对治疗的反应性至关重要。肿瘤微环境(TME)中免疫细胞与LARC患者NCRT疗效密切相关。本文综述了细胞毒性T细胞、程序性细胞死亡-配体1(PD-L1)、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAMs)、调节性T细胞(Treg)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)与放化疗敏感性关系的研究进展,阐明了这些免疫细胞在预测直肠癌放化疗反应中的潜力及其各自的局限性,为今后研究提供可行方向。

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT)is the standard therapeutic strategy for locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC).Due to the different responses of patients to NCRT,the clinical prognosis of patients varies greatly.Therefore,it is important to establish sensitive biomarkers to predict the response of patients to treatments before NCRT.Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment(TME)were closely related to the efficacy of NCRT in patients with LARC.This paper reviewed the research progress on the relationships of cytotoxic T cells,programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),regulatory T cells(Treg)and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)with chemoradiotherapy sensitivity in rectal cancer,illustrated the potential and limitations of these immune cells in predicting chemoradiotherapy response in rectal cancer,and provided a feasible direction for future researches.