分析高龄产妇胎儿先天畸形超声筛查及危险因素

Ultrultrasound Screening and Risk Factors were Analyzed

目的分析高龄产妇产前筛查胎儿畸形情况及其危险因素。方法收集2019年1月-2022年1月中晚孕胎儿产前筛查高龄孕妇的超声检查结果,畸形组和正常组,分析两组研究对象的临床资料,对P<0.05有统计学意义的单因素结果,采用Logistic多元回归分析。结果306例孕妇中,胎儿畸形占比11.44%,畸形组和正常组孕妇在文化程度、不良妊娠史、孕期合并症、饮酒/吸烟史、接触有害物质、普通感冒发热、病毒感染、服用叶酸、服药方面比较差异有统计学意义。文化程度初中及以下、孕期合并症、孕期饮酒/吸烟史、孕期接触有害物质、孕期普通感冒发热、孕期病毒感染、孕期服药是影响胎儿畸形发生的独立危险因素;孕期服用叶酸是影响胎儿畸形发生的独立保护因素。结论高龄产妇畸形发生率较高且危险因素众多,临床需要加强高龄孕妇的产前筛查,提前做好防治方案,改善妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the prenatal screening of fetal malformations in elderly puerperae,and analyze their risk factors.Methods Collect ultrasound examination results of elderly pregnant women undergoing prenatal screening for late pregnancy fetuses from January 2019 to mid January 2022,including the abnormal group and the normal group.Analyze clinical data of the two groups of study subjects,and use logistic multiple regression analysis for univariate results with statistical significance of P<0.05.Results Among the 306 pregnant women,there were 11.44%with fetal malformations.There were significant differences between malformation group and normal group in terms of education level,poor pregnancy history,pregnancy complications,history of drinking/smoking during pregnancy,exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,common cold and fever during pregnancy,viral infection during pregnancy,taking folic acid during pregnancy and medication during pregnancy(P<0.05).Education level of junior high school and below,pregnancy complications,history of drinking/smoking during pregnancy,exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,common cold and fever during pregnancy,viral infection during pregnancy and medication during pregnancy were independent risk factors of fetal malformations(P<0.05),while taking folic acid during pregnancy was an independent protective factor(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of malformations in elderly pregnant women is high and there are many risk factors.Clinical needs to strengthen prenatal screening for elderly pregnant women,prepare prevention and treatment plans in advance,and improve pregnancy outcomes.