幼儿阅读的政策演进、实践案例和发展举措——基于幼儿园视阈的探究

Policy Development,Practice Cases,and Development Initiatives in Early Childhood Reading:Exploring Kindergarten Reading from a Case Perspective

[目的/意义]调研国内幼儿园阅读教学和阅读活动状况,分析存在的问题,探索解决问题的举措,以助力幼儿园阅读。[方法/过程]通过对已有应用文献进行调研法,利用内容分析法对幼儿园阅读情况工作做了进行调研总结分析。调研内容包括:幼儿阅读教学,幼儿阅读活动,阅读环境,阅读方法,阅读模式。利用案例分析法,对开展阅读节、激发阅读兴趣、亲子阅读、与社会合作、绘本戏剧表演等案例做了提炼和评价。[结果/结论]幼儿园对阅读教学、阅读活动的总结和提炼不够,有规划,有主题的全园层面的阅读品牌数量少,影响力大,特色鲜明的阅读案例不多,阅读活动与社会力量合作不够深入。提出了成立幼儿园阅读指导机构,出台幼儿园阅读指南,强化区域幼儿园联盟阅读引导职能,扩充阅读推广委员会幼儿园工作内容,深化幼儿园与社会力量融合的发展举措。

[Purpose/Significance]This study examines the status of kindergarten reading instruction and activities in China,analyzes existing problems,and explores measures to address these problems in order to promote kindergarten reading.Over the years,early childhood reading education has been highly valued by the Chinese government.In particular,since the release of the"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Reading"in 2016,relevant departments have successively promulgated a series of documents related to early childhood reading,including the"National Reading Promotion Regulation(Draft)"(2017),the"Outline of Children's Development in China"(2021),the"Plan for the Construction of the Public Cultural Service System in the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan"(2021),and the"National Youth Student Reading Action Implementation Plan"(2023).Early childhood reading literacy has long been highly valued by our country.[Method/Process]Using the literature review method,we conducted research on the status of kindergarten reading.The research content includes:kindergarten reading teaching,kindergarten reading activities,reading environment,reading methods,and reading modes.By applying the case analysis method,we refined and evaluated cases such as organizing reading festivals,stimulating reading interests,parent-child reading,cooperation with society,and picture book drama performances.[Results/Conclusions]The scientific nature of children's reading methods is crucial for the development of their reading skills,interests,and habits,and also contributes to the legitimate and rational promotion of reading.Kindergartens lack sufficient synthesis and refinement of reading instruction and activities.There are few well-planned and themed reading brands at the whole-school level with significant influence,and there are not many distinctive reading cases.Moreover,the cooperation between kindergardens and social forces is not deep enough.We propose the establishment of a kindergarten reading guidance organization,the issuance of kindergarten reading guidelines,the strengthening of the reading guidance function of the regional kindergarten alliance,the expansion of the kindergarten work of the reading promotion committee and the deepening of development initiatives to integrate kindergartens with social forces.