数字经济与城乡收入差距——基于中国31个省份的面板数据分析

Digital Economy and Urban-rural Income Gap:Based on the Analysis of the Panel Data of 31 Provinces in China

数字经济的快速发展,有助于消除城乡间信息壁垒,促进建设现代化乡村与共同富裕目标的实现。从2011—2020这十年间的中国除港澳台以外的31个省份的面板数据入手,采用面板数据个体时间固定效应模型,实证探究数字经济对于城乡间共同富裕的影响,并将对外开放水平、城镇化和市场化作为中介变量,探究中介变量对于数字经济影响城乡间共同富裕的作用。得出结论如下:数字经济的发展对于城乡收入差距的影响呈先上升后下降的倒“U”型趋势。按照东部、西部、中部和东北地区的划分,东部已经到达倒“U”型趋势的右侧,数字经济的发展开始促进城乡居民收入差距的缩小。3个变量对于数字经济影响城乡收入差距均具有中介效应,但中介效应都不过半,整体上数字经济影响城乡收入差距中还是直接效应占据主导地位。

The rapid development of digital economy will help to eliminate the information barriers between urban and rural areas,and promote the realization of the goal of building a modern countryside and common prosperity.Starting from the panel data of 31 provinces in China excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan in the decade 2011-2020,this paper uses the panel data individual time fixed effect model to empirically explore the impact of digital economy on urban and rural common prosperity,and uses the level of opening up,urbanization and marketization as intermediary variables to explore the role of intermediary variables in the impact of digital economy on urban and rural common prosperity.The conclusion is as follows:the impact of the development of the digital economy on the urban-rural income gap shows an inverted"U"trend of first increasing and then decreasing.According to the division of the eastern,western,central,and northeastern regions,the eastern region has reached the right side of the inverted"U"trend,and the development of the digital economy has begun to promote the narrowing of the income gap between urban and rural residents.The three variables all have mesomeric effect on the digital economy's impact on the urban-rural income gap,but the mesomeric effect is less than half.On the whole,the direct effect of the digital economy on the urban-rural income gap still dominates.