花生荚果固定床网袋堆垛通风干燥实验研究

Experimental Study of Peanut Pods Fixed-bed Mesh Bag Stacking for Ventilation Drying

为了解花生荚果固定床网袋堆垛通风的干燥特性、设备能耗情况以及荚果干后品质,使用固定床网袋堆垛通风(常温风)、固定床网袋自然堆垛、自然晾晒3种干燥方式对新鲜湿花生荚果进行干燥,探究了堆垛内不同位置花生荚果的干燥情况、温湿度变化、能耗情况,并对比分析了不同干燥方式下花生荚果的干后品质。结果表明,使用固定床网袋堆垛通风(常温风)干燥设备干燥花生荚果,花生荚果水质量分数由37.85%降至10.00%以下需要160 h;固定床网袋堆垛通风(常温风)干燥方法干后花生荚果的粗脂肪含量最高,为48.08%,色泽最优,同时除去花生荚果中单位质量水分需要消耗能量4.28×10^(6)J,远小于传统烘干;固定床网袋堆垛通风(常温风)较固定床网袋自然堆垛和自然晾晒有明显优势,干燥速率更快,干后品质更稳定。

To understand the drying characteristics,energy consumption and post-drying quality of peanut pods with fixed-bed mesh bag stack ventilation,three drying methods of fixed-bed mesh bag stack ventilation(room temperature air),fixed-bed mesh bag natural stacking and natural drying were used in this experiment to dry fresh wet peanut pods.In this experimental,the drying conditions,temperature and humidity changes and energy consumption of peanut pods at different locations within the stack were investigated.The drying quality of peanut pods under different drying methods was compared and analyzed.The results indicated that it took 160 h to reduce the moisture content of peanut pods from 37.85%to less than 10.00%using fixed bed mesh bag stacking and ventilation(ambient air)drying equipment.The highest crude fat content of 48.08%and best color of peanut pods after drying by fixed bed mesh bag stacking and ventilation(room temperature air)method,while removing unit mass of water in peanut pods requires energy consumption of 4.28×10^(6) J,much less than conventional drying.Fixed bed mesh bag stacking and ventilation(room temperature air)had obvious advantages over fixed bed mesh bag natural stacking and natural drying,with faster drying rates and more consistent quality after drying.