激光熔化成型技术在透平机械三元流叶轮的应用

Application of Laser Melting Molding Technology in Turbomachinery Ternary Flow Impellers

利用SLM金属3D打印技术制造透平机械铝合金三元流叶轮,就叶轮样品的外观质量、力学性能、动平衡、超转速、无损探伤、着色探伤以及三坐标检测等7个方面做分析检验,验证金属3D打印三元流叶轮的基本性能的可靠性、安全性,并对其技术应用的可行性进行讨论。试验结果表明,SLM金属3D打印技术制造的叶轮拥有较好的外观质量和力学性能,动平衡量测试结果和叶轮超转速前后的叶轮尺寸变化均满足试验要求,磨粒流处理和超转速试验后的叶轮内部和表面无缺陷和裂纹产生,且三坐标检测中的叶轮形位偏差值远小于允许偏差量,能在使用过程中满足性能要求。

SLM metal 3D printing technology was used to manufacture turbomachinery ternary flow impellers,and seven aspects including the appearance quality,mechanical properties,dynamic balance,over-speed,non-destructive testing,color flaw detection and three-coordinate detection of impeller samples were analyzed and tested,and the reliability and safety of the basic performance of metal 3D printing ternary flow impellers were verified,and the feasibility of its technical application was discussed.The test results showed that the impeller manufactured by SLM metal 3D printing technology had good appearance quality and mechanical properties,the dynamic balance test results and the impeller size change before and after the impeller overspeed met the test requirements.The impeller after abrasive particle flow treatment and over-speed test had no defects and cracks on the inside and surface,and the impeller shape deviation value in the three-coordinate detection was much less than the allowable deviation amount,which met the performance requirements during usage.