新中国成立初期芜湖乞丐的收容与教养(1949—1958年)

The Accommodation and Cultivation of Beggars in Wuhu During the Early Days of the Founding of New China(1949-1958)

新中国成立初期,囿于诸多因素,芜湖乞丐数量激增,影响商业发展、市容市貌以及社会风气。有鉴于此,芜湖市各级政府一方面设置机构收容乞丐,动员社会力量积极捐赠互助,另一方面通过教育改造方法,使乞丐群体重新回归正常的社会劳动秩序中,得到了较好的安置,有力地维护了芜湖社会秩序的稳定。芜湖政府对乞丐的救助理念抑或是实际措施,都显示出与以往不同的救济特点,具有鲜明的时代特征。

In the early days of the founding of New China,due to various factors,the number of beggars in Wuhu surged,affecting commercial development,urban appearance,and social atmosphere.In view of this,governments at all levels in Wuhu have established institutions to accommodate beggars and mobilized social forces to actively donate mutual aid.On the other hand,through educational transformation methods,the beggar group has returned to normal social labor order and received better resettlement,effectively maintaining the stability of Wuhu’s social order.The rescue concept or practical measures of the Wuhu government towards beggars have shown different relief characteristics from the past,with distinct characteristics of the times.