从贾谊政论看汉初墨家思想的再发展

Re-Development of Mohist Thought in the Early Han Dynasty from Jia Yi’s Political Theory

贾谊作为汉初著名的学者,学识渊博,兼通诸子百家之书。他继承了墨家“兼爱”“尚贤”“节用”“有备无患”等思想,并结合汉初的社会现实对其进行了改造,以“以民为本”“知贤任贤”“节俭抑奢”“重农重蓄”的新面貌展现在政论文中,为西汉的发展建言献策。通过解读贾谊政治、经济思想与墨家的关系,分析先秦墨学在汉初的变化,对证明墨家思想在汉初的再发展以及反驳墨家“西汉中绝”论有一定的意义,说明墨家思想在中国社会历史发展过程中起到过的积极作用。

As a famous scholar in the early Han Dynasty,Jia Yi had profound knowledge and was well versed in the books of all schools of thought.He inherited the Mohist thought of“universal love”,“exalt the worthy”,“frugality”and“preparedness averts peril”and transformed them with the social reality of the early Han Dynasty,and presented them in his political treatises with a new outlook of“people-oriented”,“recognize talents and appoint talents”,“frugality and suppression of extravagance”and“emphasis on agriculture and storage”,which offered suggestions for the development of the Western Han Dynasty.By interpreting the relationship between Jia Yi’s political and economic thoughts and Moist school,and analyzing the changes of pre-Qin Mohism in the early Han Dynasty,it is of certain significance to prove the re-development of Mohist thought in the early Han Dynasty and refute Mohist’s theory of“absolute in the Western Han Dynasty”,and also helps to promote the study of Mohist thought’s positive role in the social and historical development of China.