二氧化钒发射率的调控方法与实践

Method and practice for controlling the emissivity of vanadium dioxide

二氧化钒(VO_(2))是一种常用的相变材料,它能在68℃附近可逆地改变光学、电学特性以响应外部温度刺激。自20世纪90年代以来,人们对VO_(2)光学特性进行了广泛的研究,并在紫外、可见和近红外区域的调制方面取得了重大进展,而室温黑体辐射所处的中远红外区能量只相当于太阳辐射的15%,因而获得的关注较少。然而随着研究的深入,研究者发现中远红外光区的长波辐射对热调控也具有至关重要的作用,甚至在太阳辐射较强的白天也是不容忽视的,因此有关VO_(2)发射率调控的研究受到越来越多的关注。文章聚焦VO2发射率调控的最新研究进展,着重介绍VO_(2)发射率的调控手段以及常温热辐射调控性能,并对其应用前景进行了展望。文章指出,VO_(2)发射率可以有效调控室温黑体辐射能量,通过新型结构如Fabry-Pérot谐振腔、超材料等与VO_(2)的有机结合,极大丰富了VO_(2)发射率的调控手段,展现出显著的调控效果,这对于实现具有更高节能效率的智能建筑、空间热管理以及红外伪装具有很大的潜力。

Vanadium dioxide is a commonly used phase change material that reversible changes of its optical and electrical properties occur at near 68℃.Since the 1990s,researchers have conducted extensive research on the optical properties of VO2,and significant progresses have been achieved in the improvement of modulation properties in ultraviolet,visible,and near-infrared regions.Currently,the development of VO_(2)-based thermal regulation materials is mainly focused on regulating the solar radiation capabilities.The room temperature blackbody radiation heat flux is only equivalent to 15% of solar radiation,so it has received less attentions.However,the long-wave radiation in mid-to-far infrared range also plays a vital role in thermal regulation,which cannot be ignored even during the day when the solar radiation is strong.Therefore,the regulation of emissivity began to attract more and more attentions.This article focuses on the latest developments in regulation methods of VO_(2) emissivity and the performance regulation of thermal radiation at room temperature,and provides an outlook on its application prospect.The article points out that new structures such as Fabry-Pérot resonator and metamaterials can be combined with VO_(2),which greatly enriches the means of VO_(2) emissivity regulation,and shows a significant regulation effect on blackbody radiation energy at room temperature.VO_(2) emissivity regulation has great application potential for achieving energy efficient smart buildings,space thermal management and infrared camouflage.