海州湾及邻近海域金乌贼的空间分布特征及其与环境因子的关系

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SEPIA ESCULENTAIN HAIZHOU BAY AND ADJACENT WATERS AND THEIRRELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

研究根据2013—2020年在海州湾及其邻近海域进行的渔业资源和栖息环境综合调查数据,采用支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)模型,通过交叉验证,结合赤池信息准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)等评判指标,构建了金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)的空间分布模型,并分析环境因子对其空间分布的影响,旨在探究海州湾金乌贼的空间分布特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,水深对金乌贼空间分布的影响最大,底层盐度次之,其次是底层水温和离岸距离。金乌贼的相对资源密度随水深的增大呈现先升高后降低的趋势,随盐度的升高而增大,随底层水温的升高而减小。在海州湾水深约27 m,离岸距离约40 km的海域,金乌贼的相对资源密度较高,其分布格局呈现出在东部和中北部海域丰度高,而西南部近岸海域丰度低的特点。研究将有助于深入了解海州湾金乌贼的空间分布规律,为其资源的合理利用和科学养护提供参考依据。

In this study,we utilized comprehensive survey data of fishery resources and environments in Haizhou Bay from 2013 to 2020.We employed a Support vector machine(SVM)model to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of S.esculenta in Haizhou Bay and assess the impacts of various environmental factors.This analysis involved cross-validation and the use of evaluation indicators,including the Akaike Information Criterion(AIC).Results showed that water depth was the most important factor,followed by bottom salinity,bottom sea temperature and offshore distance.The relative density of S.esculenta exhibited a negative correlation with temperature but a positive correlation with salinity.Additionally,the abundance of S.esculenta increased firstly with water depth and offshore distance,and then decreased.The relative density of S.esculenta was relatively large at water depth of 27 m and offshore distance of about 40 km.The distribution pattern showed a higher abundance in the eastern and north-central areas and a lower abundance in the south western coastal waters.This study contributes to our understanding of the spatial distribution of S.esculenta in Haizhou Bay,and provides reference for the rational utilization and scientific conservation of its resources.