洪湖周边养殖池塘微塑料污染特征研究

MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN AQUACULTURE PONDSAROUND HONGHU AREA

研究通过调查分析湖北省重要的水产养殖区——洪湖周边的鱼塘、河蟹塘和龙虾塘等三种淡水养殖池塘的水体和水产品微塑料污染特征,可以为评估该养殖区的微塑料生态风险和了解我国淡水养殖环境微塑料污染现状提供数据支撑。结果表明,三种养殖塘水体微塑料丰度在(296±140)—(992±558)items/m3。与国内外其他淡水养殖水体相比,该地养殖塘水体微塑料丰度处于中等水平。该地养殖池塘中超过一半的水产品受到了微塑料的污染,微塑料丰度为0—16 items/ind.。纤维状微塑料是水体和水产品主要的微塑料类型。相关性分析和微塑料群落相似度分析表明,水体微塑料污染特征并不是影响生物暴露微塑料的直接原因,同时生物微塑料污染水平也不受生物种类的影响。考虑到水产品安全与人类健康关系密切,建议加强对养殖环境和水产品中微塑料污染的关注。

The presence of microplastic particles in aquaculture environments may expose aquatic products to microplastic stress,and the microplastics can also enter human bodies through the aquatic-human food chain.Current studies have mainly focused on the pollution status of microplastics in seawater or semi-saltwater aquaculture areas,while microplastics in freshwater aquaculture areas are quite unknown.We selected a typical aquaculture area,Honghu Lake aquaculture pond,to investigate the current status of microplastic pollution in freshwater aquaculture water and aquatic products.Additionally,we analyzed the correlation of microplastic pollution characteristics between in water and in aquatic products of the same aquaculture environment to investigate the influencing factors of biological exposure to microplastics.Results showed that microplastic abundance in the water bodies of the three aquaculture ponds ranged from(296±140)—(992±558)items/m3.Compared with other freshwater aquaculture water bodies in China and abroad,the abundance of microplastics at this site was at a medium level.More than half of the aquatic products in the aquaculture ponds were contaminated with microplastics,with microplastic abundance ranging from 0—16 items/individual.Fibrous microplastics with size more than 500μm were the main microplastic types in water bodies and aquatic products.Correlation and similarity analysis for microplastic community showed that microplastic abundance of water column and organism species did not affect microplastic abundance of organisms.Future studies should focus on the removal and excretion processes of microplastics with different morphological characteristics in organisms.Considering the close relationship between aquatic product safety and human health,it is recommended to strengthen the regulation and strict control of microplastic contamination in aquaculture environment and in aquatic products.