基于风险预警的消费品安全政府监管:理论与实践

Consumer product safety of government supervision based on risk warning:theories and practices

为保障消费者人身财产安全,政府部门将风险预警作为监管工具之一,在国内外不同产品监管领域中均有应用,而我国消费品安全风险预警机制尚未建立。本文基于预警概念界定和相关理论基础的阐述,比较分析了国内外产品安全风险预警监管体系的运行实践经验。研究发现不同国家不同监管领域中风险预警的定义、类型、特点并不统一,各国风险预警制度与其自身消费品安全监管体系相适应;总结产品安全风险预警的类型,进而分析适合我国消费品安全监管的风险预警制度设计,为开展消费品安全风险预警实践提出了对策与建议。

In order to ensure the personal and property safety of consumers,risk warning is one of the supervision tools taken by government departments.It has been applied in different product supervision fields at home and abroad,but the risk warning mechanism has not been established in the consumer product safety field in China.Based on the discussion of definitions and related theories on risk warning,this article compared and analyzed the operational experience of domestic and overseas product safety risk warning supervision mechanism.The study showed that the definitions,types and characteristics of risk warning were not uniform in different regulatory fields and countries,as well as the risk warning mechanism of different countries were compatible with their own consumer product safety regulatory systems.The operational practices and types of risk warning in product safety field were summarized,and then risk warning mechanism suitable for Chinese consumer product safety supervision was proposed.