我国宪法宣誓制度的构建及其功能研究

A Study on Establishment of Constitutional Oath System and the Cultivation Value of Its Constitutional Awareness

我国宪法宣誓制度的构建,自从2014年10月通过的《关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》对其作出相关部署之后,随之得以迅速推进。2015年7月,全国人大常委会通过了《关于实行宪法宣誓制度的决定》,并从2016年1月开始实施。2018年2月,全国人大常委会又对该决定作出修改。2018年3月,宪法宣誓制度顺利入宪。作为程序性制度的宪法宣誓,既是特定公职人员履新之时的法定仪式,又是其自觉遵守宪法的政治表态,亦可成为普通民众遵守宪法的榜样示范。所以,实行宪法宣誓制度有助于增强普通民众尤其是履行宪法宣誓法定义务的主体的宪法意识,对于维护宪法的根本法地位具有重要意义。

The establishment of China's Constitutional Oath System was not quickly promoted until its deployment in The Chinese Communist Party Central Committee's Decision on a Number of Important Issues in Relation to Comprehensively Implementing Gov-erning the Country by Law was released in October 2014.In July 2015,the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed The Decision of Constitutional Oath,and it would be implemented from January 2016.According to it,the constitutional oath system was established from then on.In February 2018,the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress revised The Deci-sion of Constitutional Oath and in March 2018,the constitutional oath system was enacted in constitution.As a procedural system,con-stitutional oath is not only a statutory ceremony for specific public officials when they take up their new positions,but also a political statement that they consciously abide by the Constitution.Therefore,the implementation of the constitutional oath system is helpful to enhance the constitutional consciousness of ordinary people,especially the subject who performs the statutory obligation of constitution-al oath,and is of great significance for safeguarding the fundamental law status of the Constitution.