马克思政治经济学批判的研究方法再研究——马克思对“从抽象上升到具体”是形而上学方法质疑的回应

Re-study on the Research Methods of Marxs Critique of Political Economies:Marxs Response to the Question that“Rising from Abstraction to Concreteness”is a Metaphysical Method

“从具体上升到抽象”和“从抽象上升到具体”是政治经济学的两种不同研究方法。前者是资产阶级研究政治经济学的方法,后者是马克思开展政治经济学批判研究的方法。资产阶级政治经济学质疑马克思的方法是形而上学的方法。马克思通过论证“从抽象上升到具体”是具有批判性和革命性的唯物辩证法,表明其是科学的政治经济学研究方法,而非形而上学的方法。“从抽象上升到具体”的方法具有高度的历史唯物主义哲学自觉,通过揭示资本的本质及其演绎规律,论证资本主义必将终结。“从抽象上升到具体”的方法表明《资本论》是哲学—经济学一体性研究范式的典范之作,研究《资本论》及其手稿需要从跨学科的研究空间对其进行哲学—经济学一体性研究。

“Rising from concreteness to abstraction”and“from abstraction to concreteness”are two different research methods in political economies.The former is the method used by the bourgeoisie to study political economies,while the latter is the method used by Marx to conduct critical research on political economies.The questioning of Marxs method by bourgeois political economy is a metaphysical approach.Marx demonstrated through his argument that“rising from abstraction to concreteness”is a critical and revolutionary dialectical materialism,indicating that it is a scientific method of political and economic research,rather than a metaphysical approach.The method of“rising from abstraction to concreteness”has a high degree of historical materialist philosophical consciousness.By revealing the essence of capital and its deductive laws,it argues that capitalism will inevitably come to an end.The method of“rising from abstraction to concreteness”indicates that“Capital”is a model of the integrated research paradigm of philosophy and economics.Studying“Capital”and its manuscripts requires interdisciplinary research on the integration of philosophy and economics.