癌症的“症候”:当下中国电影的疾病叙事与身体文化批判

A “Symptom” of Cancer: Illness Narrative and Body Cultural Criticism in Present-Day Chinese Films

当下中国电影广泛取用程式化疾病叙事,这与中国文艺历史传统及社会现实相关。疾病叙事几乎均围绕重疾/绝症展开,并刻意回避传统意义上“疾病的隐喻”。癌症叙事作为主流样式在叙事进程中对经典“疾病的隐喻”进行遮蔽、矫饰与再造。疾病叙事被形塑成特殊的身体叙事,展演疾病身体的“吸引力”。这不但从根源上回避“怪诞身体”并“贱斥死亡”,更以过度的身体修辞夸饰疾病身体,营造出专供观众视觉消费的身体奇观,正是疾病叙事的“症候”所在。

At present,stylistic illness narrative has been widely adopted in Chinese film-making,which is related to the historical tradition of Chinese literature and art and social reality.The narration of illness is almost all about severe illness/terminal disease,deliberately avoiding the traditional"metaphor of illness".As a mainstream style,cancer narrative conceals,embellishes and reconstructs the classic"metaphor of illness"in the narrative process.The illness narrative is shaped into a special body narrative,demonstrating the"attraction"of the disease body.This practice not only avoids the"grotesque body"and"despised death"from the root,but also embellishes the diseased body with excessive body rhetoric so that a spectacle of the body for the audience's visual consumption is remolded,which is exactly the"symptom"of the illness narrative.