丰台区国槐病虫害防控的实践研究

Practical Study on the Prevention and Control of Diseases and Pests of Sophora Japonica in Fengtai District

随着北京市丰台区园林的逐渐建成,后期养护逐渐成为园林的重点工作,城市园林中的病虫害问题也日益凸显。通过调查统计和数据分析,为丰台区有效减轻锈色粒肩天牛对国槐的影响、国槐病虫害防控提供基础分析依据。以北京市丰台区为例,通过实地调查和样本收集,详细记录了锈色粒肩天牛与国槐的生长数据,并进一步对数据进行了统计分析。揭示了锈色粒肩天牛的侵害模式及其与环境因素的关联性;通过样本数据,构建了锈色粒肩天牛的虫株率与国槐胸径、虫口密度与国槐死树率、气候因素与国槐虫害发生率之间的关系,并拟合了这种关系的函数方程。结果表明:锈色粒肩天牛的侵害与国槐的胸径呈明显正相关,尤其胸径为20~25 cm的国槐受害最为严重,有虫株率达到12.45%,虫口密度为1.74头/株。此外,树木的生理状况、枝干方位,以及气候因素也与虫害的发生密切相关。

With the gradual completion of gardens in the Fengtai area,post maintenance has gradually become a key task for gardens,and the problem of diseases and pests in urban gardens has also become increasingly prominent.This study provides a basic analysis basis for effectively reducing the impact of Aprionaswainsoni(Hope)on Sophora Japonica in Fengtai area and improving the ecological quality of urban gardens.This paper takes Fengtai District,Beijing as an example,and records in detail the growth data of Aprionaswainsoni(Hope)and Sophora Japonica through field investigation and sample collection,and further statistical analysis was conducted on the data to reveal the invasion patterns of the Aprionaswainsoni(Hope)and its correlation with environmental factors.Through sample data,the relationship between the plant rate and the diameter at breast height of Sophora Japonica,the population density and the dead tree rate of Sophora Japonica,climate factors and the occurrence rate of Sophora Japonica pests were constructed,and the functional equation of this relationship was fitted.Conclusion:The research results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the invasion of the Aprionaswainsoni(Hope)and the diameter at breast height of the Sophora Japonica tree.Especially,the Sophora Japonica tree with a diameter range of 20~25 cm is the most severely affected,with a pest rate of 12.45% and a population density of 1.74 individuals per plant.In addition,the physiological condition,branch orientation,and climate factors of trees are closely related to the occurrence of pests.